Theacceleratingdeploymentoflarge-scaleweb,cloud,BigData,andvirtualizedcomputingsystemshasintroducedseriousnewchallengesinperformanceoptimization.Untilnow,however,littlereliable,practicalinformationhasbeenavailabletoITprofessionalswhoareresponsibleforrunningthesesystemsefficientlyandcost-effectively.SystemsPerformance:EnterpriseandtheCloudisthesolution.InternationallyrenownedperformanceoptimizationexpertBrendanGreggbringstogetherstate-of-the-arttechniquesandtoolsforanalysisandtuningoflarge-scaleweb/cloudcomputingenvironments.GreggfocusesonLinux/Unix/Solarisperformanceissues,whileofferingprovenmethodologiesanddiscussingkeyissuesthatapplytoallenterpriseoperatingsystems.Coverageincludes:Modernperformanceanalysisandcapacityplanning,includingkeyissuessuchaslatencyanddynamictracingNewperformanceandreliabilitychallengesassociatedwithcloudcomputingMethodology,concepts,terminology,tools,andmetricsKeytradeoffs,includingproblemsofloadvs.architectureTuningoperatingsystems,CPUs,memory,filesystems,disks,networks,andbussesTuningvirtualizedsystemsProgramminglanguageissuesrelatedtoperformance—includingapplicationprofilingforC,C++,Java,andnode.jsBenchmarkingstrategiesandpitfalls,includingcustommicrobenchmarking

Segment-treebasedcostaggregationforstereomatchingwithenhancedsegmentation

DCOS之marathon技术文档,DCOS之marathon技术文档,DCOS之marathon技术文档

餐饮管理系统一、需求分析随着社会服务行业的发展，餐饮业对自身服务的质量和能力也有了更高的要求。
餐饮管理系统正是在这样的情况之下越来越受到重视。
餐厅的内部服务项目众多，既需要完成前台的服务工作，还需要完成后台的管理工作，如果没有一套可靠的餐饮管理系统，单凭手工操作，不仅效率低，而且会极大地影响到酒店的服务质量。
设计的目标：实现餐饮管理的科学化、自动化，提高各个模版的办公效率，为高质量的餐饮服务提供保证。
系统功能概述民以食为天，随着人民生活水平的提高，餐饮业在服务行业中占有越来越重要的地位。
经过多年发展，餐饮管理已经逐渐由定性管理，进入到重视定量管理的科学阶段。
众所周知，在定量管理的具体实现方法和手段方面，最有效的工具就是计算机管理。
传统的手工操作管理存在着许多无法避免的问题，例如：人工计算机账单金额出现差错；
收银工作中跑单、漏单、偷钱现象普遍；
个别服务员作弊、改单、宰客情形时有发生；
客人消费单据难以保存和查询。
如果借助计算机来管理，就可以轻松的解决处理这些问题。
一个餐饮管理信息系统应该包括基本的餐厅的服务管理、管理人员信息的维护等，以及与之相应的操作。
所以整个餐饮管理信息系统分为两个大部分，即后台的数据管理维护和前台的操作。
后台数据库的管理能保证系统各项功能正常运行，前台操作能提供给客户尽可能方便快捷的服务。
功能模块划分1. 前台操作系统订餐管理模块：点菜（输入桌台代码和食物代码）、加菜、下单。
结账管理模块：结账（输入桌台代码）、结账方式选择（包括现金结账、信用卡结账、支票结账、签单等）。
交班管理模块：统计当班数据（包括桌台数、人民币结账金额以及总金额等），为下班操作作准备。
2. 后台管理维护系统用户权限设置：可以查询员工的基本资料（姓名、性别、年龄、出生年月、籍贯、家庭住址等），员工登录名称、密码、员工操作权限等，可以根据需要进行设置。
菜谱设置：新菜单录入（包括菜式名称、代码、类型、价格、成本等）、菜式修改、删除等菜式维护。
付款方式设置：分为人民币付款、信用卡、支票签单等，可以根据需要进行添加和删除。
系统流程分析系统流程图1所示。
当用户进入系统主界面以后，新用户经过注册后才能凭借其用户名和密码登录，老用户可以直接登录。
用户登录以后，系统自动判断出其操作权限。
操作权限包括普通员工和管理人员。
新用户的操作权限默认为是普通员工。
普通员工只能进行订餐、结账操作，而管理人员除此之外还可以进行系统设置与营业分析。
•图1当有顾客订餐的时候，员工输入桌台号和食物代码即可进行点菜，在结账以前，加菜是允许的。
当顾客结账的时候，员工输入桌台号，选择顾客的付款方式，即可完成结账。
在下班时间，员工可以统计当班期间的消费情况。
这样，员工注销此次登录，退出系统，一天的工作就到此结束。
管理人员可以随时进行系统设置，包括菜谱设置、用户权限设置、付款方式设置等。
功能模块调用餐饮管理系统调用了以下功能模块：用户注册模块、用户登录模块、数据显示模块。
二、概念设计图2给出了餐饮管理系统的E-R实体关系图。
收银员、餐桌、菜单三者之间的关系是订餐，其中订餐关系包括的属性有：餐桌编号、菜肴编号、菜肴名称、菜肴单价、菜肴数量、菜肴价格、菜肴折扣、是否结账、结账时间。
三、逻辑设计将E-R关系模型转化为二维表。
本系统主要需要6个表，分别为用户信息表（UserInfo）、菜谱信息表（MenuInfo）、订餐信息表（OrderInfo）、桌台信息表（DeskInfo）、付款方式表（PayModeInfo）、当班统计表（CaldayInfo），各个表中字段的类型以及说明如表1-表6所示。
表1用户信息表表2菜谱信息表表3订餐信息表表4桌台信息表表5付款方式表表6当班统计表其中，用户信息表主要存储用户的基本信息，权限项决定了用户的操作权限。
菜谱信息表存储食物的基本信息。
价格项为结账与结算提供依据。
桌台信息表存储各个桌台的消费情况，如消费金额、是否结账等。
订餐信息表存储各个桌台的点菜情况。
付款方式表存储了基本的付款方式，供结账时选择。
当班统计表存储员工当班期间的营业情况。
四、数据库设计数据库管理系统采用MicrosoftSQLServer2000作为后台数据库。
首先，在企业管理器中建立一个名为MenuManageSys的数据库，然后建立以上6个数据库表，并设定主键、长度。
这样，数据库的设计已经完成。
五、详细设计本餐饮管理系统采用VisualC+++SQLServer来开发。
利用ADO技术调用后台数据库，使用了两个ADO智能指针_ConnectionPtr和_RecordsetPtr，其中_ConnectionPtr用来连接后台SQLServer数据库，_RecordsetPtr指针用来对数据库的表中的记录集进行操作。
工程使用的是基于对话框的程序，每个对话框为一个类，父类为CDialog，实现的一些功能都封装在类的函数中，体现了面向对象编程语言C++的特性。
导入ADO接口：在工程的stdafx.h文件里直接引入符号#import引入ADO库文件，加入下面一行代码，以使编译器能正确编译：#import"c:\programfiles\commonfiles\system\ado\msado15.dll"no_namespacerename("EOF","adoEOF")用_ConnectionPtr指针连接数据库：在CmenuManageSysApp类的BOOLInitInstance()函数中加入以下代码：m_pConnection.CreateInstance("ADODB.Connection"); try { m_pConnection-＞ConnectionTimeout=8; m_pConnection-＞PutCursorLocation(adUseClient);m_pConnection-＞Open("driver={SQLServer};Server=172.29.130.47;DATABASE=MenuManageSys;UID=;PWD=","","",adModeUnknown); } catch(_com_errore) { AfxMessageBox("数据库连接失败!"); returnFALSE; }1.设计工程框架餐饮管理系统的框架是一个对话框类型的操作界面，用户注册、登录后，可对餐饮管理的各个功能模块进行操作。
1.1设置主界面系统主界面如图3：图3每个事件的对应代码如下：（1） 单击“注册”菜单，弹出“注册”对话框，代码如下：voidCMenuManageSysDlg::OnRegister(){ CRegisterDlgdlg(this); dlg.DoModal();}（2） 单击“登录”菜单，弹出“登录”对话框，代码如下：voidCMenuManageSysDlg::OnLogin(){ CLoginDlgdlg(this); dlg.DoModal();}（3） 单击“订餐”菜单，判断用户是否登录，代码如下：voidCMenuManageSysDlg::OnUpdateOrderSystem(CCmdUI*pCmdUI){ if(theApp.m_Level==0||theApp.m_Level==1) { pCmdUI-＞Enable(true); } else { pCmdUI-＞Enable(false); AfxMessageBox("请您先登录"); }}（4） 如果用户已经登录，弹出“餐桌信息”对话框，否则提示用户登录，代码如下：voidCMenuManageSysDlg::OnOrderSystem(){ CDeskDlgdlg; dlg.DoModal();}（5） 单击“结账”菜单，判断用户是否登录，代码如下：voidCMenuManageSysDlg::OnUpdatePayCheck(CCmdUI*pCmdUI){ if(theApp.m_Level==0||theApp.m_Level==1) { pCmdUI-＞Enable(true); } else { pCmdUI-＞Enable(false); AfxMessageBox("请您先登录"); }}（6） 如果用户已经登录，弹出“结账”对话框，否则提示用户先登录，代码如下：voidCMenuManageSysDlg::OnPayCheck(){ CPayDlgdlg; dlg.DoModal();}（7） 单击“下班”菜单，判断用户是否登录，代码如下：voidCMenuManageSysDlg::OnUpdateChangeDuty(CCmdUI*pCmdUI){ if(theApp.m_Level==0||theApp.m_Level==1) { pCmdUI-＞Enable(true); } else { pCmdUI-＞Enable(false); AfxMessageBox("请您先登录"); }}（8） 如果用户已经登录，弹出“交接班”对话框，否则提示用户先登录，代码如下：voidCMenuManageSysDlg::OnChangeDuty(){ COffdutyDlgdlg; dlg.DoModal();}（9） 单击“用户权限设置”菜单，判断用户是否登录及其权限，代码如下：voidCMenuManageSysDlg::OnUpdateSetLevel(CCmdUI*pCmdUI){ if(theApp.m_Level==1) { pCmdUI-＞Enable(true); } elseif(theApp.m_Level==0) { pCmdUI-＞Enable(false); AfxMessageBox("您无权进行用户级别设置"); } else { pCmdUI-＞Enable(false); AfxMessageBox("请您先登录"); } }（10） 如果权限是管理人员，弹出“权限设置”对话框，如果是普通员工会提示无权进行用户级别设置，代码如下：voidCMenuManageSysDlg::OnSetLevel(){ CLevelDlgdlg; dlg.DoModal();}（11） 单击“菜谱设置”菜单，判断用户是否登录及其权限，代码如下：voidCMenuManageSysDlg::OnUpdateSetMenu(CCmdUI*pCmdUI){ if(theApp.m_Level==1) { pCmdUI-＞Enable(true); } elseif(theApp.m_Level==0) { pCmdUI-＞Enable(false); AfxMessageBox("您无权进行菜谱设置"); } else { pCmdUI-＞Enable(false); AfxMessageBox("请您先登录"); } }（12）如果权限是管理人员，弹出“菜谱设置”对话框，如果是普通员工会提示无权进行用户级别设置，代码如下：voidCMenuManageSysDlg::OnSetMenu(){ CMenuSetDlgdlg; dlg.DoModal();}（13）单击“付款方式设置”菜单，判断用户是否登录及其权限，代码如下：voidCMenuManageSysDlg::OnUpdatePaymodeSet(CCmdUI*pCmdUI){ if(theApp.m_Level==1) { pCmdUI-＞Enable(true); } elseif(theApp.m_Level==0) { pCmdUI-＞Enable(false); AfxMessageBox("您无权进行付款方式设置"); } else { pCmdUI-＞Enable(false); AfxMessageBox("请您先登录"); }}（14）如果权限是管理人员，弹出“设置付款方式”对话框，如果是普通员工会提示无权进行用户级别设置，代码如下：voidCMenuManageSysDlg::OnPaymodeSet(){ CSetPaymodeDlgdlg; dlg.DoModal();}（15）单击“注销”菜单，提示用户本次登录已注销，代码如下：voidCMenuManageSysDlg::OnLogout(){ if(MessageBox("您确定要注销吗","注销询问",MB_OKCANCEL|MB_ICONQUESTION)==IDOK) { theApp.m_Level=-1; AfxMessageBox("本次登录已注销"); }}（16）单击“退出系统”，在确定退出后，关闭系统，代码如下：voidCMenuManageSysDlg::OnExitSystem(){ if(MessageBox("真的要退出系统吗","退出询问",MB_OKCANCEL|MB_ICONQUESTION)==IDOK) { CDialog::OnOK(); }}1.2设计注册模块注册模块如图4：图4注册模块在输入了完整的信息，按下“确定”按钮后，如果没有重复用户，则注册成功，代码如下：voidCRegisterDlg::OnRegisterBtn(){ //TODO:Addyourcontrolnotificationhandlercodehere UpdateData(TRUE);if(!m_strUserName.IsEmpty()&&!m_strUserNative.IsEmpty()&&!m_strUserAdddress.IsEmpty()&&!m_strUserPwd.IsEmpty()&& !m_strUserPwdAgain.IsEmpty()&&!m_strUserNum.IsEmpty()&&m_nUserAge!=0) { if(m_strUserPwd.CompareNoCase(m_strUserPwdAgain)!=0) { MessageBox("密码有误，请重新输入密码。
","系统注册"); } else { try { m_pRecordset.CreateInstance("ADODB.Recordset"); m_pRecordset-＞Open("SELECT*FROMUserInfo",_variant_t((IDispatch*)theApp.m_pConnection,true),adOpenStatic,adLockOptimistic,adCmdText); } catch(_com_errore) { CStringtemp; temp.Format("连接数据库错误信息:%s",e.ErrorMessage()); AfxMessageBox(temp); return; } m_pRecordset-＞AddNew(); m_pRecordset-＞PutCollect("UserName",_variant_t(m_strUserName)); m_pRecordset-＞PutCollect("UserPwd",_variant_t(m_strUserPwd)); m_pRecordset-＞PutCollect("UserNative",_variant_t(m_strUserNative)); m_pRecordset-＞PutCollect("UserAddress",_variant_t(m_strUserAdddress)); m_pRecordset-＞PutCollect("UserNum",_variant_t(m_strUserNum)); CStringstr; if(m_nUserSex==0) { m_pRecordset-＞PutCollect("UserSex",_variant_t("男")); } elsem_pRecordset-＞PutCollect("UserSex",_variant_t("女")); str.Format("%d",m_nUserAge); m_pRecordset-＞PutCollect("UserAge",_variant_t(str)); str.Format("%d",0); m_pRecordset-＞PutCollect("UserLevel",_variant_t(str)); m_pRecordset-＞Update(); m_pRecordset-＞Close(); m_pRecordset=NULL; MessageBox("恭喜您注册成功","系统注册"); CDialog::OnOK(); return; } } else { MessageBox("请输入完整注册信息","系统注册"); } }登录模块如图5：图5登录模块输入完整信息，并单击“确定”按钮后，如果用户名不存在，则重新输入；
如果密码错误，则重新输入，在重新输入三次密码后还不正确，则退出登录界面，登录失败。
代码如下：voidCLoginDlg::OnOK(){ UpdateData(TRUE); if(!m_strUserName.IsEmpty()&&!m_strPassword.IsEmpty()) { try { CStringsql,str; // str.Format("%d",m_nUserNum); sql="SELECT*FROMUserInfoWHEREUserName='"+m_strUserName+"'andUserNum='"+m_strUserNum+"'andUserPwd='"+m_strPassword+"'"; m_pRecordset.CreateInstance("ADODB.Recordset"); m_pRecordset-＞Open((_variant_t)sql,_variant_t((IDispatch*)theApp.m_pConnection,true),adOpenStatic,adLockOptimistic,adCmdText); if(m_pRecordset-＞adoEOF) { m_pRecordset-＞Close(); sql="SELECT*FROMUserInfoWHEREUserName='"+m_strUserName+"'ANDUserNum='"+m_strUserNum+"'"; try { m_pRecordset.CreateInstance("ADODB.Recordset"); m_pRecordset-＞Open((_variant_t)sql,_variant_t((IDispatch*)theApp.m_pConnection,true),adOpenStatic,adLockOptimistic,adCmdText); if(m_pRecordset-＞adoEOF) { MessageBox("此用户不存在!","登录系统"); } else { if(count＞=2) { MessageBox("登录次数过多，系统关闭","系统登录错误",MB_OK|MB_ICONWARNING); CDialog::OnOK(); } else { MessageBox("密码错误!","登录系统"); count++; } return; } } catch(_com_errore)///捕捉异常 { CStringtemp; temp.Format("连接数据库错误信息:%s",e.ErrorMessage()); AfxMessageBox(temp); return; } } else { theApp.m_Level=m_pRecordset-＞GetCollect("UserLevel").lVal; theApp.m_name=m_strUserName; MessageBox("登录成功！","登录系统",MB_OKCANCEL|MB_ICONQUESTION); CDialog::OnOK(); return; } } catch(_com_errore)///捕捉异常 { CStringtemp; temp.Format("连接数据库错误信息:%s",e.ErrorMessage()); AfxMessageBox(temp); return; } m_pRecordset-＞Close(); m_pRecordset=NULL; } else { MessageBox("请输入用户名和密码","登录系统"); }}到此，注册模块与登录模块就设计完成。
新用户注册以后，凭借其用户名和密码可以登陆，从而对系统进行操作。
3.功能模块设计根据功能模块划分，可以将餐饮管理系统的功能模块划分为值班员管理模块、菜谱管理模块、用户管理模块、订餐模块、结账模块，下面对工程各个功能进行介绍。
3.1订餐模块设计订餐模块的功能是员工输入桌台号码和食物代码进行点菜、根据需要加菜、下单。
订餐模块如图6所示：图6订餐模块为对话框类添加3个数据集对象：_RecordsetPtrm_pRecordset_Desk;_RecordsetPtrm_pRecordset_Order;_RecordsetPtrm_pRecordset_Menu;对话框类的各成员函数的代码如下：CDeskDlg::CDeskDlg(CWnd*pParent/*=NULL*/):CDialog(CDeskDlg::IDD,pParent){ //{{AFX_DATA_INIT(CDeskDlg) m_nOrderDeskNumber=0; m_nOrderFoodNumber=0; m_nOrderFoodRebate=100; m_nOrderFoodAcount=1; //}}AFX_DATA_INIT}BOOLCDeskDlg::OnInitDialog()//对话框初始化函数{ CDialog::OnInitDialog(); GetDlgItem(IDOK)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE); returnTRUE;//returnTRUEunlessyousetthefocustoacontrol //EXCEPTION:OCXPropertyPagesshouldreturnFALSE}voidCDeskDlg::OnOrderBtn()//点菜消息按钮{ UpdateData(TRUE); CStringstr; CStringsql; if(m_nOrderDeskNumber==0) { AfxMessageBox("请输入餐桌编号"); return; } if(m_nOrderFoodNumber!=0) { str.Format("%d",m_nOrderFoodNumber); sql="SELECT*FROMMenuInfoWHEREFoodNum="+str+""; m_pRecordset_Menu.CreateInstance("ADODB.Recordset"); m_pRecordset_Menu-＞Open((_variant_t)sql,_variant_t((IDispatch*)theApp.m_pConnection,true),adOpenDynamic,adLockPessimistic,adCmdText); if(m_pRecordset_Menu-＞GetRecordCount()==0) { AfxMessageBox("该菜肴编号不存在，请重新输入编号"); return; } else { intm_nTempPrice; CStringm_strTempName; m_nTempPrice=m_pRecordset_Menu-＞GetCollect("FoodPrice").lVal;//食物价格 m_strTempName=m_pRecordset_Menu-＞GetCollect("FoodName").bstrVal;//食物名称 m_pRecordset_Menu-＞Close(); str.Format("%d",m_nOrderDeskNumber);//桌子编号 sql="SELECT*FROMOrderInfoWHEREDeskNum="+str+""; m_pRecordset_Order.CreateInstance("ADODB.Recordset"); m_pRecordset_Order-＞Open((_variant_t)sql,_variant_t((IDispatch*)theApp.m_pConnection,true),adOpenDynamic,adLockPessimistic,adCmdText); m_pRecordset_Order-＞AddNew(); str.Format("%d",m_nOrderDeskNumber); m_pRecordset_Order-＞PutCollect("DeskNum",_variant_t(str));//餐桌编号 str.Format("%d",m_nOrderFoodNumber); m_pRecordset_Order-＞PutCollect("FoodNum",_variant_t(str));//食物编号 str.Format("%d",m_nTempPrice); m_pRecordset_Order-＞PutCollect("FoodSignalPrice",_variant_t(str));//食物单价 str.Format("%d",m_nOrderFoodAcount); m_pRecordset_Order-＞PutCollect("FoodAcount",_variant_t(str));//食物数量 m_nTempPrice*=m_nOrderFoodAcount; str.Format("%d",m_nTempPrice); m_pRecordset_Order-＞PutCollect("FoodPrice",_variant_t(str));//食物价格 str.Format("%d",m_nOrderFoodRebate); m_pRecordset_Order-＞PutCollect("FoodRebate",_variant_t(str));//食物折扣 intm_nTempRePrice; m_nTempRePrice=(int)m_nTempPrice*m_nOrderFoodRebate/100; str.Format("%d",m_nTempRePrice); m_pRecordset_Order-＞PutCollect("FoodRePrice",_variant_t(str)); //折后价格（小计） m_pRecordset_Order-＞PutCollect("FoodName",_variant_t(m_strTempName));//食物名称 intm_nTempCheck; m_nTempCheck=0; str.Format("%d",m_nTempCheck); m_pRecordset_Order-＞PutCollect("FoodCheck",_variant_t(str));//是否结帐 CStringpaytime; CTimenow=CTime::GetCurrentTime(); paytime=now.Format(_T("%Y-%m-%d%H:%M:%S")); m_pRecordset_Order-＞PutCollect("FoodTime",_variant_t(paytime));//点菜时间 m_pRecordset_Order-＞Update(); m_pRecordset_Order-＞Close(); str.Format("%d",m_nOrderDeskNumber); CStringstr1; str1.Format("%d",0); sql="SELECT*FROMOrderInfoWHEREDeskNum="+str+"andFoodCheck="+str1+""; m_pRecordset_Order.CreateInstance("ADODB.Recordset"); m_pRecordset_Order-＞Open((_variant_t)sql,_variant_t((IDispatch*)theApp.m_pConnection,true),adOpenDynamic,adLockPessimistic,adCmdText); m_dbFood.SetRefDataSource(NULL); m_dbFood.SetRefDataSource((LPUNKNOWN)m_pRecordset_Order); m_dbFood.SetColumnHeaders(2); m_dbFood.Refresh(); GetDlgItem(IDOK)-＞EnableWindow(TRUE); } } else { AfxMessageBox("请输入菜肴编号"); return; } }voidCDeskDlg::OnOK()//下单消息按钮{ CStringstr,sql,str1; intm_nTempRePrice; m_nTotalPrice=0; while(!m_pRecordset_Order-＞adoEOF) { m_nTempRePrice=m_pRecordset_Order-＞GetCollect("FoodRePrice").lVal; m_nTotalPrice+=m_nTempRePrice; m_pRecordset_Order-＞MoveNext(); } if(m_nTotalPrice＞0) { inttemp=0; str1.Format("%d",temp); str.Format("%d",m_nOrderDeskNumber); sql="SELECT*FROMDeskInfoWHEREDeskNum="+str+"andDeskCheck="+str1+""; m_pRecordset_Desk.CreateInstance("ADODB.Recordset"); m_pRecordset_Desk-＞Open((_variant_t)sql,_variant_t((IDispatch*)theApp.m_pConnection,true),adOpenDynamic,adLockPessimistic,adCmdText); if(m_pRecordset_Desk-＞GetRecordCount()==0) { m_pRecordset_Desk-＞AddNew(); str.Format("%d",m_nOrderDeskNumber); m_pRecordset_Desk-＞PutCollect("DeskNum",(_variant_t)str); str.Format("%d",m_nTotalPrice); m_pRecordset_Desk-＞PutCollect("DeskPrice",(_variant_t)str); temp=0; str.Format("%d",temp); m_pRecordset_Desk-＞PutCollect("DeskCheck",(_variant_t)str); } else { str.Format("%d",m_nTotalPrice); m_pRecordset_Desk-＞PutCollect("DeskPrice",(_variant_t)str); } m_pRecordset_Desk-＞Update(); m_pRecordset_Desk-＞Close(); } CDialog::OnOK();}voidCDeskDlg::OnUpdateOrderDeskNumber()//根据餐桌号自动将原来已点的食物信息绑定到数据列表{ UpdateData(TRUE); CStringstr,sql; str.Format("%d",m_nOrderDeskNumber); CStringstr1; inttemp=0; str1.Format("%d",temp); sql="SELECT*FROMOrderInfoWHEREDeskNum="+str+"andFoodCheck="+str1+""; m_pRecordset_Order.CreateInstance("ADODB.Recordset"); m_pRecordset_Order-＞Open((_variant_t)sql,_variant_t((IDispatch*)theApp.m_pConnection,true),adOpenDynamic,adLockPessimistic,adCmdText); m_dbFood.SetRefDataSource(NULL); m_dbFood.SetRefDataSource((LPUNKNOWN)m_pRecordset_Order); m_dbFood.SetColumnHeaders(2); m_dbFood.Refresh(); }3.2结账模块设计结账模块的功能是员工输入桌台代码进行结账、选择结账方式（包括现金结账、信用卡结账、支票结账、签单等）、自动找零。
结账模块如图7所示：图7结账模块为对话框类添加3个数据集对象，代码如下： _RecordsetPtrm_pRecordset_Paymode; _RecordsetPtrm_pRecordset_Order; _RecordsetPtrm_pRecordset_Desk;对话框类的各成员函数的代码如下：CPayDlg::CPayDlg(CWnd*pParent/*=NULL*/) :CDialog(CPayDlg::IDD,pParent){ //{{AFX_DATA_INIT(CPayDlg) m_strPaymode=_T(""); m_strPayUserName=_T(""); m_nPayDeskNumber=0; m_nPayTotalPrice=0; m_nPayRealPrice=0; m_nPayRePrice=0; m_timePay=COleDateTime::GetCurrentTime(); //}}AFX_DATA_INIT}BOOLCPayDlg::OnInitDialog()//对话框初始化函数{ CDialog::OnInitDialog(); m_strPayUserName=theApp.m_name; CStringsql; sql="SELECT*FROMPayModeInfo"; m_pRecordset_Paymode.CreateInstance("ADODB.Recordset"); m_pRecordset_Paymode-＞Open((_variant_t)sql,_variant_t((IDispatch*)theApp.m_pConnection,true),adOpenDynamic,adLockPessimistic,adCmdText); if(m_pRecordset_Paymode-＞GetRecordCount()!=0) { while(!m_pRecordset_Paymode-＞adoEOF) { m_coPaymode.AddString((LPCTSTR)(_bstr_t)m_pRecordset_Paymode-＞GetCollect("NAME")); m_pRecordset_Paymode-＞MoveNext(); } m_pRecordset_Paymode-＞Close(); m_coPaymode.SetCurSel(0); } UpdateData(FALSE); returnTRUE;}voidCPayDlg::OnUpdatePayDeskNumber()//自动将对应桌号的点菜信息以及消费情况显示在桌面上{ UpdateData(TRUE); CStringsql,str,str1; inttemp=0; str.Format("%d",m_nPayDeskNumber); str1.Format("%d",temp); sql="SELECT*FROMDeskInfoWHEREDeskNum="+str+"ANDDeskCheck="+str1+""; m_pRecordset_Desk.CreateInstance("ADODB.Recordset"); m_pRecordset_Desk-＞Open((_variant_t)sql,_variant_t((IDispatch*)theApp.m_pConnection,true),adOpenDynamic,adLockPessimistic,adCmdText); if(m_pRecordset_Desk-＞GetRecordCount()!=0) { m_nPayTotalPrice=m_pRecordset_Desk-＞GetCollect("DeskPrice").lVal; } m_pRecordset_Desk-＞Close(); sql="SELECT*FROMOrderInfoWHEREDeskNum="+str+"ANDFoodCheck="+str1+""; m_pRecordset_Order.CreateInstance("ADODB.Recordset"); m_pRecordset_Order-＞Open((_variant_t)sql,_variant_t((IDispatch*)theApp.m_pConnection,true),adOpenDynamic,adLockPessimistic,adCmdText); m_dbPay.SetRefDataSource(NULL); m_dbPay.SetRefDataSource((LPUNKNOWN)m_pRecordset_Order); m_dbPay.SetColumnHeaders(1); m_dbPay.Refresh(); UpdateData(FALSE);}voidCPayDlg::OnUpdatePayRealprice()//根据实收金额自动计算找零金额{ UpdateData(TRUE); m_nPayRePrice=m_nPayRealPrice-m_nPayTotalPrice; UpdateData(FALSE);}voidCPayDlg::OnOK()//确定按钮消息函数，将数据写回DESK表和ORDER表，结账完成{ UpdateData(TRUE); if(!m_strPaymode.IsEmpty()&&m_nPayRealPrice!=0) { CStringsql,str,str1; inttemp=0; str.Format("%d",m_nPayDeskNumber); str1.Format("%d",temp); sql="SELECT*FROMDeskInfoWHEREDeskNum="+str+"ANDDeskCheck="+str1+""; m_pRecordset_Desk.CreateInstance("ADODB.Recordset"); m_pRecordset_Desk-＞Open((_variant_t)sql,_variant_t((IDispatch*)theApp.m_pConnection,true),adOpenDynamic,adLockPessimistic,adCmdText); if(m_pRecordset_Desk-＞GetRecordCount!=0) { temp=1; str.Format("%d",temp); m_pRecordset_Desk-＞PutCollect("DeskCheck",(_variant_t)str); intselmode; selmode=m_coPaymode.GetCurSel(); m_coPaymode.GetLBText(selmode,m_strPaymode); m_pRecordset_Desk-＞PutCollect("DeskPaymode",_variant_t(m_strPaymode)); CStringpaytime; CTimenow=CTime::GetCurrentTime(); paytime=now.Format(_T("%Y-%m-%d%H:%M:%S")); m_pRecordset_Desk-＞PutCollect("DeskDateTime",(_variant_t)paytime); m_pRecordset_Desk-＞PutCollect("DeskName",(_variant_t)m_strPayUserName); } m_pRecordset_Desk-＞Update(); m_pRecordset_Desk-＞Close(); str.Format("%d",m_nPayDeskNumber); sql="SELECT*FROMOrderInfoWHEREDeskNum="+str+"ANDFoodCheck="+str1+""; m_pRecordset_Order.CreateInstance("ADODB.Recordset"); m_pRecordset_Order-＞Open((_variant_t)sql,_variant_t((IDispatch*)theApp.m_pConnection,true),adOpenDynamic,adLockPessimistic,adCmdText); if(m_pRecordset_Order-＞GetRecordCount()!=0) { temp=1; str.Format("%d",temp); while(!m_pRecordset_Order-＞adoEOF) { m_pRecordset_Order-＞PutCollect("FoodCheck",(_variant_t)str); m_pRecordset_Order-＞Update(); m_pRecordset_Order-＞MoveNext(); } } m_pRecordset_Order-＞Close(); str.Format("%d",m_nPayDeskNumber); str+="号桌已结账"; AfxMessageBox(str); CDialog::OnOK(); } else { AfxMessageBox("请输入完整信息"); }}到此，结账模块已经设计完成。
3.3交接班模块设计交接班模块的功能是管理员统计当班数据（包括桌台数、人民币结账金额以及总金额等），为下班操作做准备。
交接班模块如图8所示：图8交接班模块为对话框类添加两个数据集对象，代码如下：_RecordsetPtrm_pRecordset_Off;_RecordsetPtrm_pRecordset_Desk;对话框类的各成员函数的代码如下：COffdutyDlg::COffdutyDlg(CWnd*pParent/*=NULL*/) :CDialog(COffdutyDlg::IDD,pParent){ //{{AFX_DATA_INIT(COffdutyDlg) m_strDayName=_T(""); m_nTotalAcount=0; m_timeDay=0; //}}AFX_DATA_INIT}BOOLCOffdutyDlg::OnInitDialog()//对话框初始化{ CDialog::OnInitDialog(); m_timeDay=CTime::GetCurrentTime(); m_strDayName=theApp.m_name; UpdateData(FALSE); returnTRUE;//returnTRUEunlessyousetthefocustoacontrol //EXCEPTION:OCXPropertyPagesshouldreturnFALSE}voidCOffdutyDlg::OnCalDayBtn()//统计按钮，负责当班统计{ CStringsql,str; inttemp=1; str.Format("%d",temp); sql="SELECT*FROMDeskInfoWHEREDeskCheck="+str+"ANDDeskName='"+m_strDayName+"'"; m_pRecordset_Desk.CreateInstance("ADODB.Recordset"); m_pRecordset_Desk-＞Open((_variant_t)sql,_variant_t((IDispatch*)theApp.m_pConnection,true),adOpenDynamic,adLockPessimistic,adCmdText); intrenminbi_jine=0,qita_jine=0,total_jine=0,acount=0; if(m_pRecordset_Desk-＞GetRecordCount!=0) { while(!m_pRecordset_Desk-＞adoEOF) { str=m_pRecordset_Desk-＞GetCollect("DeskPaymode").bstrVal; if(str.CompareNoCase("人民币")==0) { renminbi_jine+=m_pRecordset_Desk-＞GetCollect("DeskPrice").lVal; } else { qita_jine+=m_pRecordset_Desk-＞GetCollect("DeskPrice").lVal; } acount++; m_pRecordset_Desk-＞MoveNext(); } } m_pRecordset_Desk-＞Close(); total_jine=renminbi_jine+qita_jine; m_pRecordset_Off.CreateInstance("ADODB.Recordset"); m_pRecordset_Off-＞Open("SELECT*FROMCalDayInfo",_variant_t((IDispatch*)theApp.m_pConnection,true),adOpenDynamic,adLockPessimistic,adCmdText); if(m_pRecordset_Off-＞GetRecordCount!=0) { while(!m_pRecordset_Off-＞adoEOF) { m_pRecordset_Off-＞Delete(adAffectCurrent); m_pRecordset_Off-＞Update(); m_pRecordset_Off-＞MoveNext(); } } m_pRecordset_Off-＞AddNew(); m_pRecordset_Off-＞PutCollect("mode",_variant_t("人民币")); str.Format("%d",renminbi_jine); m_pRecordset_Off-＞PutCollect("money",_variant_t(str)); m_pRecordset_Off-＞AddNew(); m_pRecordset_Off-＞PutCollect("mode",_variant_t("其他")); str.Format("%d",qita_jine); m_pRecordset_Off-＞PutCollect("money",_variant_t(str)); m_pRecordset_Off-＞AddNew(); m_pRecordset_Off-＞PutCollect("mode",_variant_t("合计")); str.Format("%d",total_jine); m_pRecordset_Off-＞PutCollect("money",_variant_t(str)); m_dbTotalDay.SetRefDataSource(NULL); m_dbTotalDay.SetRefDataSource((LPUNKNOWN)m_pRecordset_Off); m_dbTotalDay.SetColumnHeaders(2); m_dbTotalDay.Refresh(); m_pRecordset_Off-＞Update(); m_nTotalAcount=acount; UpdateData(FALSE);}3.4用户权限管理模块设计用户权限模块的功能是方便管理人员查询员工的基本资料，设置员工的操作权限。
用户权限设置模块的设计如图9：图9权限设置模块对话框类的各成员函数的代码如下：CLevelDlg::CLevelDlg(CWnd*pParent/*=NULL*/) :CDialog(CLevelDlg::IDD,pParent){ //{{AFX_DATA_INIT(CLevelDlg) m_strUserName=_T(""); m_strUserNum=_T(""); m_strLevelSelect=_T(""); //}}AFX_DATA_INIT}BOOLCLevelDlg::OnInitDialog(){ CDialog::OnInitDialog(); m_coLevelSelect.AddString("管理员"); m_coLevelSelect.AddString("用户"); GetDlgItem(IDC_LEVEL_SELECT)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE); GetDlgItem(IDC_CONFIRM)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE); UpdateData(FALSE); CStringsql; sql="SELECT*FROMUserInfo"; m_pRecordset.CreateInstance("ADODB.Recordset"); m_pRecordset-＞Open((_variant_t)sql,_variant_t((IDispatch*)theApp.m_pConnection,true),adOpenDynamic,adLockPessimistic,adCmdText); m_dbUserInfo.SetRefDataSource(NULL); m_dbUserInfo.SetRefDataSource((LPUNKNOWN)m_pRecordset); m_dbUserInfo.SetColumnHeaders(2); m_dbUserInfo.Refresh(); returnTRUE;//returnTRUEunlessyousetthefocustoacontrol //EXCEPTION:OCXPropertyPagesshouldreturnFALSE}voidCLevelDlg::OnChange(){ GetDlgItem(IDC_LEVEL_SELECT)-＞EnableWindow(TRUE); GetDlgItem(IDC_CONFIRM)-＞EnableWindow(TRUE); UpdateData(TRUE); CStringsql; sql="SELECTUserName,UserNum,UserLevel,UserPwdFROMUserInfoWHEREUserName='"+m_strUserName+"'ANDUserNum='"+m_strUserNum+"'"; m_pRecordset.CreateInstance("ADODB.Recordset"); m_pRecordset-＞Open((_variant_t)sql,_variant_t((IDispatch*)theApp.m_pConnection,true),adOpenDynamic,adLockPessimistic,adCmdText); m_dbUserInfo.SetRefDataSource(NULL); m_dbUserInfo.SetRefDataSource((LPUNKNOWN)m_pRecordset); m_dbUserInfo.SetColumnHeaders(2); m_dbUserInfo.Refresh();}voidCLevelDlg::OnConfirm(){ UpdateData(TRUE); if(!m_strLevelSelect.IsEmpty()) { if(m_strLevelSelect.CompareNoCase("管理员")==0) { CStringstr,sql;inttemp=1; str.Format("%d",temp); sql="SELECTUserName,UserNum,UserLevel,UserPwdFROMUserInfoWHEREUserName='"+m_strUserName+"'ANDUserNum='"+m_strUserNum+"'"; m_pRecordset.CreateInstance("ADODB.Recordset"); m_pRecordset-＞Open((_variant_t)sql,_variant_t((IDispatch*)theApp.m_pConnection,true),adOpenDynamic,adLockPessimistic,adCmdText); m_pRecordset-＞PutCollect("UserLevel",_variant_t(str)); m_pRecordset-＞Update(); m_dbUserInfo.SetRefDataSource(NULL); m_dbUserInfo.SetRefDataSource((LPUNKNOWN)m_pRecordset); m_dbUserInfo.SetColumnHeaders(2); m_dbUserInfo.Refresh(); AfxMessageBox("权限修改成功"); GetDlgItem(IDC_LEVEL_SELECT)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE); GetDlgItem(IDC_CONFIRM)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE); } else { CStringstr,sql;inttemp=0; str.Format("%d",temp); sql="SELECTUserName,UserNum,UserLevel,UserPwdFROMUserInfoWHEREUserName='"+m_strUserName+"'ANDUserNum='"+m_strUserNum+"'"; m_pRecordset.CreateInstance("ADODB.Recordset"); m_pRecordset-＞Open((_variant_t)sql,_variant_t((IDispatch*)theApp.m_pConnection,true),adOpenDynamic,adLockPessimistic,adCmdText); m_pRecordset-＞PutCollect("UserLevel",_variant_t(str)); m_pRecordset-＞Update(); m_dbUserInfo.SetRefDataSource(NULL); m_dbUserInfo.SetRefDataSource((LPUNKNOWN)m_pRecordset); m_dbUserInfo.SetColumnHeaders(2); m_dbUserInfo.Refresh(); AfxMessageBox("权限修改成功"); GetDlgItem(IDC_LEVEL_SELECT)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE); GetDlgItem(IDC_CONFIRM)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE); } } else { AfxMessageBox("请选择权限"); }}voidCLevelDlg::OnShowAll(){ CStringsql; sql="SELECT*FROMUserInfo"; m_pRecordset.CreateInstance("ADODB.Recordset"); m_pRecordset-＞Open((_variant_t)sql,_variant_t((IDispatch*)theApp.m_pConnection,true),adOpenDynamic,adLockPessimistic,adCmdText); m_dbUserInfo.SetRefDataSource(NULL); m_dbUserInfo.SetRefDataSource((LPUNKNOWN)m_pRecordset); m_dbUserInfo.SetColumnHeaders(2); m_dbUserInfo.Refresh(); GetDlgItem(IDC_LEVEL_SELECT)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE); GetDlgItem(IDC_CONFIRM)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE);}至此，权限设置模块设计完成。
3.5菜谱管理模块设计菜谱管理模块的功能是管理人员进行新菜式的录入、菜式修改、删除等菜式维护。
菜谱管理模块如图10：图10菜单管理模块对话框类的各成员函数的代码如下：CMenuSetDlg::CMenuSetDlg(CWnd*pParent/*=NULL*/) :CDialog(CMenuSetDlg::IDD,pParent){ //{{AFX_DATA_INIT(CMenuSetDlg) m_nInputNum=0; m_nCost=0; m_strName=_T(""); m_nNum=0; m_nPrice=0; m_strRemark=_T(""); m_strType=_T(""); //}}AFX_DATA_INIT}BOOLCMenuSetDlg::OnInitDialog()//对话框初始化{ CDialog::OnInitDialog(); GetDlgItem(IDC_MODIFYSAVE)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE); GetDlgItem(IDC_EDIT_NUM)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE); GetDlgItem(IDC_EDIT_NAME)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE); GetDlgItem(IDC_EDIT_TYPE)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE); GetDlgItem(IDC_EDIT_PRICE)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE); GetDlgItem(IDC_EDIT_COST)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE); GetDlgItem(IDC_EDIT_REMARK)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE); GetDlgItem(IDC_DEL)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE); GetDlgItem(IDC_INQUIRY)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE); GetDlgItem(IDC_MODIFY)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE); GetDlgItem(IDC_ADDSAVE)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE); returnTRUE;//returnTRUEunlessyousetthefocustoacontrol //EXCEPTION:OCXPropertyPagesshouldreturnFALSE}voidCMenuSetDlg::OnUpdateEditInputNum(){ UpdateData(TRUE); if(m_nInputNum!=0) { GetDlgItem(IDC_INQUIRY)-＞EnableWindow(TRUE); GetDlgItem(IDC_MODIFY)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE); GetDlgItem(IDC_DEL)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE); GetDlgItem(IDC_MODIFYSAVE)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE); }}voidCMenuSetDlg::OnInquiry()//查询{ UpdateData(TRUE); CStringsql,str; str.Format("%d",m_nInputNum); sql="SELECT*FROMMenuInfoWHEREFoodNum="+str+""; m_pRecordset.CreateInstance("ADODB.Recordset"); m_pRecordset-＞Open((_variant_t)sql,_variant_t((IDispatch*)theApp.m_pConnection,true),adOpenDynamic,adLockPessimistic,adCmdText); if(m_pRecordset-＞GetRecordCount()!=0) { m_nInputNum=0; m_nNum=m_pRecordset-＞GetCollect("FoodNum").lVal; m_strName=m_pRecordset-＞GetCollect("FoodName").bstrVal; m_strType=m_pRecordset-＞GetCollect("FoodType").bstrVal; m_nPrice=m_pRecordset-＞GetCollect("FoodPrice").lVal; m_nCost=m_pRecordset-＞GetCollect("FoodCost").lVal; m_strRemark=m_pRecordset-＞GetCollect("FoodRemark").bstrVal; GetDlgItem(IDC_EDIT_NUM)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE); GetDlgItem(IDC_DEL)-＞EnableWindow(TRUE); GetDlgItem(IDC_EDIT_NAME)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE); GetDlgItem(IDC_EDIT_TYPE)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE); GetDlgItem(IDC_EDIT_PRICE)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE); GetDlgItem(IDC_EDIT_COST)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE); GetDlgItem(IDC_EDIT_REMARK)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE); GetDlgItem(IDC_INQUIRY)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE); GetDlgItem(IDC_MODIFY)-＞EnableWindow(TRUE); GetDlgItem(IDC_ADDSAVE)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE); } else { // m_nInputNum=0; AfxMessageBox("您所查找的菜肴不存在"); GetDlgItem(IDC_DEL)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE); GetDlgItem(IDC_INQUIRY)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE); GetDlgItem(IDC_MODIFY)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE); GetDlgItem(IDC_ADDSAVE)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE); } UpdateData(FALSE);}voidCMenuSetDlg::OnAddNew()//新增{ m_nCost=0; m_strName=_T(""); m_nNum=0; m_nPrice=0; m_strRemark=_T(""); m_strType=_T(""); GetDlgItem(IDC_ADDSAVE)-＞EnableWindow(TRUE); GetDlgItem(IDC_EDIT_NUM)-＞EnableWindow(TRUE); GetDlgItem(IDC_EDIT_NAME)-＞EnableWindow(TRUE); GetDlgItem(IDC_EDIT_TYPE)-＞EnableWindow(TRUE); GetDlgItem(IDC_EDIT_PRICE)-＞EnableWindow(TRUE); GetDlgItem(IDC_EDIT_COST)-＞EnableWindow(TRUE); GetDlgItem(IDC_EDIT_REMARK)-＞EnableWindow(TRUE); GetDlgItem(IDC_MODIFYSAVE)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE); GetDlgItem(IDC_INQUIRY)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE); GetDlgItem(IDC_MODIFY)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE); GetDlgItem(IDC_DEL)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE); GetDlgItem(IDC_EDIT_INPUT_NUM)-＞EnableWindow(TRUE); UpdateData(FALSE);}voidCMenuSetDlg::OnAddSave()//保存所增加项{ UpdateData(TRUE); if(m_nCost!=0&&m_nNum!=0&&m_nPrice!=0&&!m_strName.IsEmpty()&&!m_strRemark.IsEmpty()&&!m_strType.IsEmpty()) { GetDlgItem(IDC_EDIT_NUM)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE); GetDlgItem(IDC_ADDSAVE)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE); GetDlgItem(IDC_EDIT_NAME)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE); GetDlgItem(IDC_EDIT_TYPE)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE); GetDlgItem(IDC_EDIT_PRICE)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE); GetDlgItem(IDC_EDIT_COST)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE); GetDlgItem(IDC_EDIT_REMARK)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE); GetDlgItem(IDC_EDIT_INPUT_NUM)-＞EnableWindow(TRUE); CStringstr,sql; str.Format("%d",m_nNum); sql="SELECT*FROMMenuInfoWHEREFoodNum="+str+""; m_pRecordset.CreateInstance("ADODB.Recordset"); m_pRecordset-＞Open((_variant_t)sql,_variant_t((IDispatch*)theApp.m_pConnection,true),adOpenDynamic,adLockPessimistic,adCmdText); if(m_pRecordset-＞GetRecordCount()!=0) { AfxMessageBox("菜肴号码已存在"); } else { m_pRecordset.CreateInstance("ADODB.Recordset"); m_pRecordset-＞Open("SELECT*FROMMenuInfo",_variant_t((IDispatch*)theApp.m_pConnection,true),adOpenDynamic,adLockPessimistic,adCmdText); if(m_nNum==0) { AfxMessageBox("菜肴号码不能为0"); return; } else { m_pRecordset-＞AddNew(); str.Format("%d",m_nNum); m_pRecordset-＞PutCollect("FoodNum",_variant_t(str)); m_pRecordset-＞PutCollect("FoodName",_variant_t(m_strName)); m_pRecordset-＞PutCollect("FoodType",_variant_t(m_strType)); str.Format("%d",m_nPrice); m_pRecordset-＞PutCollect("FoodPrice",_variant_t(str)); str.Format("%d",m_nCost); m_pRecordset-＞PutCollect("FoodCost",_variant_t(str)); m_pRecordset-＞PutCollect("FoodRemark",_variant_t(m_strRemark)); m_pRecordset-＞Update(); m_pRecordset-＞Close(); AfxMessageBox("已保存"); m_nCost=0; m_strName=_T(""); m_nNum=0; m_nPrice=0; m_strRemark=_T(""); m_strType=_T(""); UpdateData(FALSE); } } } elseAfxMessageBox("请输入完整信息");}voidCMenuSetDlg::OnModify()//修改{ GetDlgItem(IDC_EDIT_NUM)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE); GetDlgItem(IDC_EDIT_NAME)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE); GetDlgItem(IDC_EDIT_TYPE)-＞EnableWindow(TRUE); GetDlgItem(IDC_EDIT_PRICE)-＞EnableWindow(TRUE); GetDlgItem(IDC_EDIT_COST)-＞EnableWindow(TRUE); GetDlgItem(IDC_EDIT_REMARK)-＞EnableWindow(TRUE); GetDlgItem(IDC_MODIFYSAVE)-＞EnableWindow(TRUE); GetDlgItem(IDC_DEL)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE); m_nCost=0; m_nPrice=0; m_strRemark=_T(""); m_strType=_T(""); UpdateData(FALSE);}voidCMenuSetDlg::OnModifysave()//保存修改{ UpdateData(TRUE); if(!m_strType.IsEmpty()&&m_nPrice!=0&&m_nCost!=0&&!m_strRemark.IsEmpty()) { CStringstr,sql; str.Format("%d",m_nNum); // m_pRecordset-＞PutCollect("FoodNum",_variant_t(str)); // m_pRecordset-＞PutCollect("FoodName",_variant_t(m_strName)); m_pRecordset-＞PutCollect("FoodType",_variant_t(m_strType)); str.Format("%d",m_nPrice); m_pRecordset-＞PutCollect("FoodPrice",_variant_t(str)); str.Format("%d",m_nCost); m_pRecordset-＞PutCollect("FoodCost",_variant_t(str)); m_pRecordset-＞PutCollect("FoodRemark",_variant_t(m_strRemark)); m_pRecordset-＞Update(); AfxMessageBox("修改成功"); GetDlgItem(IDC_MODIFY)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE); GetDlgItem(IDC_MODIFYSAVE)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE); } else { AfxMessageBox("请输入完整信息"); }}voidCMenuSetDlg::OnDel(){ m_pRecordset-＞Delete(adAffectCurrent); m_pRecordset-＞Close(); AfxMessageBox("删除成功"); GetDlgItem(IDC_DEL)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE); GetDlgItem(IDC_MODIFY)-＞EnableWindow(FALSE);}至此，菜谱管理模块设计完成。
3.6付款方式设置模块设计付款方式设置模块如图11：图11付款方式模块对话框类的各成员函数的代码如下：CSetPaymodeDlg::CSetPaymodeDlg(CWnd*pParent/*=NULL*/) :CDialog(CSetPaymodeDlg::IDD,pParent){ //{{AFX_DATA_INIT(CSetPaymodeDlg) m_strPaymode=_T(""); //}}AFX_DATA_INIT}BOOLCSetPaymodeDlg::OnInitDialog()//对话框初始化{ CDialog::OnInitDialog(); m_bAdd=FALSE; m_bDel=FALSE; m_sInputPaymode.ShowWindow(SW_HIDE); m_editPaymode.ShowWindow(SW_HIDE); m_btnSure.ShowWindow(SW_HIDE); CStringsql; sql="SELECT*FROMPayModeInfo"; m_pRecordset.CreateInstance("ADODB.Recordset"); m_pRecordset-＞Open((_variant_t)sql,_variant_t((IDispatch*)theApp.m_pConnection,true),adOpenDynamic,adLockPessimistic,adCmdText); m_dbPaymode.SetRefDataSource(NULL); m_dbPaymode.SetRefDataSource((LPUNKNOWN)m_pRecordset); m_dbPaymode.SetColumnHeaders(1); m_dbPaymode.Refresh(); returnTRUE;//returnTRUEunlessyousetthefocustoacontrol //EXCEPTION:OCXPropertyPagesshouldreturnFALSE}voidCSetPaymodeDlg::OnPaymodeAddBtn()//单击按钮后，开始新增{ m_sInputPaymode.ShowWindow(SW_SHOW); m_editPaymode.ShowWindow(SW_SHOW); m_btnSure.ShowWindow(SW_SHOW); m_bAdd=TRUE; m_bDel=FALSE;}voidCSetPaymodeDlg::OnPaymodeDelBtn()//单击按钮后，开始删除{ m_sInputPaymode.ShowWindow(SW_SHOW); m_editPaymode.ShowWindow(SW_SHOW); m_btnSure.ShowWindow(SW_SHOW); m_bAdd=FALSE; m_bDel=TRUE;}voidCSetPaymodeDlg::OnOK()//确定添加或者删除{ UpdateData(TRUE); if(!m_strPaymode.IsEmpty()) { if(m_bAdd==TRUE) { CStringstr; BOOLflag=0; m_pRecordset-＞MoveFirst(); while(!m_pRecordset-＞adoEOF) { str=m_pRecordset-＞GetCollect("NAME").bstrVal; if(str.CompareNoCase(m_strPaymode)==0) { MessageBox("您输入的付款方式已存在","输入错误",MB_OK|MB_ICONWARNING); flag=1; break; } elsem_pRecordset-＞MoveNext(); } /* CStringsql; sql="SELECT*FROMPayModeInfoWHERENAME='"+m_strPaymode+"'"; m_pRecordset.CreateInstance("ADODB.Recordset"); m_pRecordset-＞Open((_variant_t)sql,_variant_t((IDispatch*)theApp.m_pConnection,true),adOpenDynamic,adLockPessimistic,adCmdText); if(m_pRecordset-＞GetRecordCount()==0) { MessageBox("您输入的付款方式已存在","输入错误",MB_OK|MB_ICONWARNING); flag=1; } */ if(flag==0) { m_pRecordset-＞MoveLast(); m_pRecordset-＞AddNew(); m_pRecordset-＞PutCollect("NAME",_variant_t(m_strPaymode)); m_pRecordset-＞Update(); m_dbPaymode.SetRefDataSource(NULL); m_dbPaymode.SetRefDataSource((LPUNKNOWN)m_pRecordset); m_dbPaymode.SetColumnHeaders(1); m_dbPaymode.Refresh(); m_bAdd=FALSE; } } if(m_bDel==TRUE) { BOOLflag=0; UpdateData(TRUE); CStringstr; intnewid; /* m_pRecordset-＞MoveFirst(); while(!m_pRecordset-＞adoEOF) { str=m_pRecordset-＞GetCollect("NAME").bstrVal; if(str.CompareNoCase(m_strPaymode)==0) { flag=1; m_pRecordset-＞Delete(adAffectCurrent); m_pRecordset-＞Update(); break; } else m_pRecordset-＞MoveNext(); } */ CStringsql; sql="SELECT*FROMPayModeInfoWHERENAME='"+m_strPaymode+"'"; m_pRecordset.CreateInstance("ADODB.Recordset"); m_pRecordset-＞Open((_variant_t)sql,_variant_t((IDispatch*)theApp.m_pConnection,true),adOpenDynamic,adLockPessimistic,adCmdText); if(m_pRecordset-＞GetRecordCount()!=0) { flag=1; m_pRecordset-＞Delete(adAffectCurrent); m_pRecordset-＞Update(); m_pRecordset.CreateInstance("ADODB.Recordset"); m_pRecordset-＞Open("SELECT*FROMPayModeInfo",_variant_t((IDispatch*)theApp.m_pConnection,true),adOpenDynamic,adLockPessimistic,adCmdText); m_dbPaymode.SetRefDataSource(NULL); m_dbPaymode.SetRefDataSource((LPUNKNOWN)m_pRecordset); m_dbPaymode.SetColumnHeaders(1); m_dbPaymode.Refresh(); m_bDel=FALSE; } if(flag==0) { MessageBox("您输入的付款方式不存在，请查询后确认","输入错误",MB_OK|MB_ICONWARNING); } m_dbPaymode.Refresh(); m_bDel=FALSE; } m_editPaymode.SetWindowText(""); m_sInputPaymode.ShowWindow(SW_HIDE); m_editPaymode.ShowWindow(SW_HIDE); m_btnSure.ShowWindow(SW_HIDE); } else { AfxMessageBox("请输入付款方式"); }}至此，付款方式设置模块设计完成。
六、系统演示系统设计并编写完成后，编译运行程序，初始界面如图12所示：图121． 系统登录单击“登录”菜单，弹出登录界面，在登陆界面输入框中分别输入用户编号、用户名和密码，如图13所示。
如果用户名和密码都正确，那么就可以登陆系统，系统提示如图14所示。
图13图14如果用户名不存在或密码输入不正确，系统提示如图15和图16所示，将无法进入系统。
图15图16如果未登录就进行其他操作，系统提示如图17所示。
只有登录后才能操作其他功能。
单击“注册”菜单，弹出注册对话框如图18所示。
按要求填写完注册信息，如果注册名未被注册，并且前后两次输入的密码一致，那么系统给出如图19所示提示。
如果前后两次输入密码不一致，系统给出如图20所示提示，此时注册不成功。
图19图202.订餐操作系统登录后，单击“订餐”菜单，弹出“餐桌信息”对话框，如图21所示。
餐桌第一次订餐时，输入餐桌编号、食物编号、数量以及折扣，单击“点菜”按钮，在右侧点菜信息栏中列举了该餐桌所点的菜肴，如图22所示。
图21图22如果餐桌已经订过餐，但是还没有结账，则在餐桌编号输入框输入餐桌号，在点菜信息栏中显示该桌已点的菜。
单击“下单”按钮，即可把点菜信息记录下来。
3.结账操作单击“结账”菜单，弹出“结账单”对话框。
输入桌台号，自动显示对应的点菜信息以及消费金额。
选取付款方式和实收金额后，界面会自动显示找零金额，结果如图23所示。
图234.用户权限设置单击“管理”|“用户权限设置”，弹出“权限设置”对话框，如图24所示，所有用户的信息都显示在数据列表中。
输入要查询的用户编号和名称，单击“更改”，该用户的信息就显示在列表中，结果如图25所示。
图24图25选择权限，单击确定后，如图26所示，用户权限已被修改。
图26单击“显示全部”，结果如图27所示。
图275.菜谱管理单击“管理”|“菜谱设置”菜单，弹出“菜谱设置”对话框，如图28所示。
图28在“菜谱设置”对话框中可以对菜谱进行查找、添加、删除、修改等操作。
6．付款方式设置单击“管理”|“付款方式设置”菜单，弹出“付款方式”对话框，如图29所示。
单击“新增”或“删除”按钮，显示新增付款方式文本框和“确定”按钮，如图30所示。
图29图30在文本框中输入要增加/删除的付款方式，并单击“确定”按钮，将新增或删除所选择的付款方式。
7.注销用户单击“注销”菜单，弹出“注销询问”对话框如图31所示。
选择“确定”，注销成功，如图32所示。
图31图328.系统退出单击“退出系统”菜单，弹出“退出询问”对话框如图33所示。
选择“确定”，则系统退出。
图33至此，系统的全部功能已经演示完毕。
七、结束语经过两个多星期的时间，终于完成了本系统的设计。
虽然本系统有一些漏洞和不完善的地方，但是本系统结合餐饮管理的实际情况，基于数据库设计通用的模块，对餐饮管理的前台和后台操作进行功能模块的设计，实现了餐饮管理的基本功能。
在设计的过程中，遇到了很多的技术上的问题。
例如，第一次接触ADO数据库访问技术，对用ADO来连接数据库不是很了解，出现了很多的问题，设计受到了很大的阻碍。
经过向专业指导老师请教和参阅了有关书籍后，终于把一些问题解决了。
在本次设计中，我懂得了“书到用时方恨少”的道理，发现了自己在专业方面还有很多要提高的地方，在今后的学习中，我一定努力进步！参考文献：[1]萨师煊，王珊.数据库系统概论［M］第3版.北京：高等教育出版社，2000[2]侯其锋，李晓华，李莎.VisualC++数据库通用模块开发与系统移植.北京：清华大学出版社，2007致谢在这次课程设计中，戴小鹏老师给了我很大的帮助。
他对我的精心指导和关心，使我在设计的过程中受到了很大的启发。
特别是他的那份耐心和责任心，使我在今后的学习和工作中受益匪浅。
在此，特向戴小鹏老师表示衷心的感谢！

Progressinsoftwareengineeringhasbeenremarkableovermyprofessionallifetime.Oursocietiescouldnotfunctionwithoutlarge,professionalsoftwaresystems.Forbuildingbusinesssystems,thereisanalphabetsoupoftechnologies—J2EE,.NET,SaaS,SAP,BPEL4WS,SOAP,CBSE,etc.—thatsupportthedevelopmentanddeploymentoflargeenterpriseapplications.Nationalutilitiesandinfrastructure—energy,communications,andtransport—allrelyoncomplexandmostlyreliablecomputersystems.SoftwarehasallowedustoexplorespaceandtocreatetheWorldWideWeb,themostsignificantinformationsysteminthehistoryofmankind.Humanityisnowfacedwithanewsetofchallenges—climatechangeandextremeweather,decliningnaturalresources,anincreasingworldpopulationtobefedandhoused,internationalterrorism,andtheneedtohelpelderlypeopleleadsatisfyingandfulfilledlives.Weneednewtechnologiestohelpusaddresstheseproblemsand,forsure,softwarewillplayacentralroleinthesetechnologies.Softwareengineeringis,therefore,acriticallyimportanttechnologyforthefutureofmankind.Wemustcontinuetoeducatesoftwareengineersanddevelopthedisciplinesothatwecancreatemorecomplexsoftwaresystems.Ofcourse,therearestillproblemswithsoftwareprojects.Softwareisstillsometimeslateandcostsmorethanexpected.However,weshouldnotlettheseproblemsconcealtherealsuccessesinsoftwareengineeringandtheimpressivesoftwareengineeringmethodsandtechnologiesthathavebeendeveloped.Softwareengineeringisnowsuchahugeareathatitisimpossibletocoverthewholesubjectinonebook.Myfocus,therefore,isonkeytopicsthatarefundamentaltoalldevelopmentprocessesandtopicsconcernedwiththedevelopmentofreliable,distributedsystems.Thereisanincreasedemphasisonagilemethodsandsoftwarereuse.Istronglybelievethatagilemethodshavetheirplacebutsotoodoes‘traditional’plan-dri

IT项目管理第六版课本之课后答案，供参考解答。
望君以了解为主TableofcontentsCHAPTERI2CHAPTER24CHAPTER36CHAPTER47CHAPTER5CHAPTER620CHAPTER724chaPteR829ChAPTER9CHAPTER10CHAPTER1137CHAPTER1240APPEnDIXA42APPENDIXB47APPENDIXCListofsolutionfilesavailableandreferencedinthisdocument,inalphabeticalorderName▲SizeTypeEnseExA-2289KBMicrosoftofficeProjectDocument5BEXA-3270KBMicrosoftOfficeProjectDocument22J5eExA-4337KBMicrosoftOfficeProjectDocument国appC1313KBMicrosoftofficeExcelWorksheet图ex4216KBMicrosoftofficeExcel97-2003Worksheet图ex-323KBMicrosoftOfficeExcel97-2003Worksheet4KbMicrosoftOfficeExcel97-2003Worksheet国x4525KBMicrosoftOfficeExcel97-2003Worksheete×5-221KBMicrosoftOfficePowerPoint97-2003PresentationElex5-3123KBMicrosoftOfficeProjectDocument152KBMicrosoftOfficeProjectDocument已区区ex7-519KBMicrosoftOfficeExcel97-2003Worksheet17KBMicrosoftofficeExcel97-2003Worksheet20KBMicrosoftOFficeExcel97-2003Worksheet16KBMicrosoftofficeExcel97-2003Worksheet16KBMicrosoftofficeExcel97-2003Worksheet16KBMicrosoftofficeExcel97-2003Worksheel17KBMicrosoftofficeExcel97-2003Worksheetrung17KBMicrosoftofficeExcel97-2003WorksheetEfrun5-4123KBMicrosoftOfficeProjectDocument131KbMicrosoftOFficeProjectDocumentE179KBMicrosoftofficeProjectDocument21KBMicrosoftofficeExcel97-2003Worksheet国run7-221KBMicrosoftofficeExcel97-2003Worksheet17KBMicrosoftofficeExcel97-2003Worksheet国run114KBMicrosoftOfficeExcel97-2003Worksheet图run917KBMicrosoftofficeExcel97-2003Worksheet图run11115KBMicrosoftofficeExcel97-2003Worksheet图run12215KBMicrosoftOfficeExcel97-2003Worksheetes1video1-215KBMicrosoftofficeExcel97-2003Worksheet图vdeo1317KBMicrosoftofficeExcel97-2003Worksheet图wde2-3141KBMicrosoftOfficeProjectDocument155KBMicrosoftOfficeProjectDocumentesvideo4-22KBMicrosoftofficeExcel97-2003Worksheet四vde04220KBMicrosoftoFficeExcel97-2003Worksheet图vde5-317KBMicrosoftofficeExcel97-2003WorksheetEshlvideo6-114KBMicrosoftOfficeExcel97-2003Worksheet到vde6218KBMicrosoftofficeExcel97-2003WorksheetInformationTechnologyProjectManagement,SixthEdition学霸助手[xuebazhushou.com-课后答案期末试卷|复习提纲CHAPTER1IntroductiontoProjectManagementDISCUSSIONOUESTTONS1.Whyisthereaneworrenewedinterestinthefieldofprojectmanagement?Moreandmoreprojectsarebeingdonebyavarietyoforganizations.Theprojectsaremorecomplexandofteninvolvetheuseofnewtechnologies.Organizationsarestrugglingtofindbetterwaystomanagetheirprojects.2.Whatisaproject,andwhatareitsmainattributes?Howisaprojectdifferentfromwhatmostpeopledointheirday-Lo-dayjobs?Whatisthetripleconstraint?aprojectis"atemporaryendeavorundertakentocreateauniqueproduct,service,orresult"(PMBOKGuide,2008,p.5).Inadditiontobeingtemporaryandunique,otherattributesofprojectsarethattheyaredevelopedusingprogressiveelaboration,requireresourcesfromvariousareas,shouldhaveaprimarycustomerorsponsor,andinvolveuncertainty.Projectsaredifferentfromday-to-dayactivitiesprimarilybecausetheyhavefocusedgoalsanddefinitebeginningandendingdates.Thetripleconstraintismanagingscope,time,andcostgoals3.Whatisprojectmanagement?Brieflydescribetheprojectmanagementframework,providingexamplesofstakeholders,knowledgeareas,toolsandtechniques,andprojectsuccessfactorsProjectmanagermentis"theapplicationofknowledge,skills,tools,andtechniquesloprojectactivitiesinorderLomeetprojectrequirements"(PMBOKGuide,2008,p9).Theprojectmanagementframeworkgraphicallyshowstheprocessofbeginningwithstakeholdersneedsandexpectations,applyingthenineprojectmanagementknowledgeareasandvarioustoolsandtechniquestoleadtoprojectsuccessandthenenterprisesuccess.Forexample,ifaprojectweretoimplementanERPsystemforalargecompany,thestakeholderswouldincludemanagersandusersfrommanydifferentdepartments(finance,manufacturing,humanresourcesIT,etc.)allnineknowledgeareaswouldbeimportant,numeroustoolsandtechniqueswouldbeapplied(seeTable1-1),andprojectsuccessmightbebasedonimplementkeyfunctionsbyacertaintimeforacertaincostorhavingthenewsystempayforitselfwithinacertaintimeperiod4.Whatisaprogram?Whatisaprojectportfolio?Discusstherelationshipbetweenprojects,programs,andportfoliomanagementandthecontributionstheyeachmaketoenterprisesuccessaprogramis"agroupofprojectsmanagedinacoordinatedwaytoobtainbenefitsandcontrolnotavailablefrommanagingthemindividually(PmbokGuide,2008,p9)Projectportfoliomanagementfocusesonmanagingprojectsasisasaportfolioofinvestmentsthatcontributetotheentireenterprisessuccess.Projectsarepartofprogramswhicharepartofportfolios5.Whatistheroleoftheprojectmanager?Whataresuggestedskillsforallprojectmanagersandforinformationtechnologyprojectmanagers?Whyisleadershipsoimportantforprojectmanagers?Howisthejobmarketforinformationtechnologyprojectmanagers?Theprojectmanagerisultimatelyresponsibleforprojectsuccess.Manysuggestedskillsarelistedinthischapter,includingstrongleadershipskills,organizationalskills,technicalskills,andmanysofskills.ITprojectmanagersrequirethesameskillsasgeneralprojectmanagers,buttheyshouldalsoknowsomethingaboutthetechnologyusedfortheprojectandthetypesofpeoplewhoworkoninformationtechnologyprojectsLeadingbyexampleisthemostimportanttraitofeffectiveprojectmanagers.Thejobmarketforinformationogyprojectmanagerscontinuestoremainstrong,especiallyforthosewithstrongbusinessandleadershipskills6.Brieflydescribesomekeyeventsinthehistoryofprojectmanagement.WhatroledoestheProjectManagementInstituteandotherprofessionalsocietiesplayinhelpingtheprofessionSomepeoplesaythatbuildingtheegyptianpyramidsorthegreatwallofChinawereprojects,butmodernprojectmanagementbeganwiththeManhattanProjectordevelopmentoftheatomicbomb.Thatprojecttookaboutthreeyearsandcostalmosts2billionin1946andhadaseparateprojectmanagerandtechnicalmanagerGanttchartswerefirstusedin1917,andnetworkdiagramswereusedin1958.PMiisthemainprofessionalsocietyforprojectmanagers,andtheyrunthePMPcertificationprogramInformationTechnologyProjectManagement,SixthEdition学霸助手[xuebazhushou.com-课后答案期末试卷|复习提纲7.Whatfunctioncanyouperformwithprojectmanagementsoftware?Whataresomepopularnamesoflowend,midrange,andhigh-endprojectmanagementtools?Projectmanagenentsoftwarecanassistindevelopingschedules,communicatinginformation,trackinprogress,etc.PopulartoolsincludemilestonesSimplicity,Project2007,andthemicrosoftEnterpriseProjectManagementsolutiontonameafewEXERCISESAnswerstoalloftheseexerciseswillvary.Themainpurposeoftheseexercisesistohavestudentsbegindoingsomeindependentresearchtofurtherexplorethefieldofprojectmanagement.Youcouldhavestudentsdiscusstheresultsoftheseexercisesinclasstoenhanceparticipation,assignsomeforhomework,ordobothInformationTechnologyProjectManagement,SixthEdition学霸助手[xuebazhushou.com-课后答案期末试卷|复习提纲CHAPTER2TheprojectmanagementandlnformationtechnologycontextDISCUSSIONOUESTIONS1.Whatdoesitmeantotakeasystemsviewofaproject?Howdoestakingasystemsviewofaprojectapplytoprojectmanagement?Takingasystemsviewmeanslookingatthebigpictureofhowaparticularprojectfitsintotherestoftheorganization.Itisimportantforprojectmanagerstounderstandthebroaderorganizationalenvironmenttoensuretheirprojectsmeetorganizationalneeds2.Explainthefourframesoforganizations.Howcantheyhelpprojectmanagersunderstandtheorganizationalcontextfortheirprojects?ThefourframesoforganizationsaresummarizedbelowStructural:dealwithhowtheorganizationisstructuresandfocusonrolesandresponsibilities.ItsimportanttounderstandtheserolesandresponsibilitieswhendealingwithprojectstakeholdersespeciallyinprocuringresourcesHumanresources:focusesonmeetingtheneedsoftheorganizationanditspeople.ProjectmanagersmustunderstandvarioushumanresourcespoliciesandproceduresPolitical:addressesorganizationalandpersonalpolitics.Manyprojectmanagersfailbecausetheydonotunderstandthepoliticalenvironment.Symbolic:focusesonsymbolsandmeanings.It'simportanttounderstandanorganizationsculturedresscode,workethic,andsooninmanagingprojects3.Brieflyexplainthediferencesbetweenfunctional,matrix,andprojeclorganizations.DescribehoweachstructureaffectsthemanagementoftheprojectFunctionalorganizationshavemanagersorvicepresidentsinspecialtiessuchasengineering,manufacturing,informationtechnology,andsoon.Theirstaffshavespecializedskillsintheirrespectivedisciplines.ProjectorganizationshaveprojectmanagersinsteadoffunctionalmanagersreportingtotheCEO.matrixorganizationsrepresentthemiddlegroundbetweenfunctionalandprojectstructures.Personneloftenreporttobothafunctionalmanagerandoneormoreprojectmanagers.Projectmanagershavethemostauthorityinprojectorganizationalstructuresfollowedbymatrix,andthenfunctional4.Describehoworganizationalcultureisrelatedtoprojectmanagement.Whattypeofculturepromotesastrongprojectenvironment?Organizationalcultureisasetofsharedassumptions,values,andbehaviorsthatcharacterizethefunctioningofprojectmanagementandfollowstheguidelinesforapplyingit,itwillbemucheasiertopracticegoodprojedanorganization.Thisculturecandefinitelyimpactprojectmanagement.Forexample,ifanorganizationvaluesmanagement.Projectworkismostsuccessfulinanorganizationalculturewhereemployeesidentifymorewiththeorganization,whereworkactivitiesemphasizegroups,andwherethereisstrongunitintegration,highisktolerance,perfornance-basedrewards,highconflicttolerance,anopenl-systernsfocus,andabalancedfocusonpeople,control,andmeans-orientation5.Discusstheimportanceoftopmanagementcommitmentandthedevelopmentofstandardsforsuccessfulprojectmanagement.ProvideexamplestoillustratetheimportanceoftheseitemsbasedonyourexperienceonanytypeofprojectTopmanagementcommitmentisthenumberonefactorassociatedwiththesuccessofinformationtechnologyprojects,soit'sveryimportanttogetandmaintainthissupport.Topmanagementcanhelpprojectmanagersgetadequateresources,approveuniqueprojectneeds.getcooperationfromotherpartsoftheorganization,andprovidesupportasamentorandcoachtoprojectmanagers.Exampleswillvary6.Whatarethephasesinatraditionalprojectlifecycle?Howdoesaprojectlifecycledifferfromaproductlifecycle?whydoesaprojectmanagerneedtounderstandboth?Atraditionalprojectlifecycleisacollectionofprojectphases-concept,development,implementation,andclose-out.Thesephasesdonotvarybyproject.ProductlifecyclesvarytremendouslybasedonthenatureofInformationTechnologyProjectManagement,SixthEdition学霸助手[xuebazhushou.com-课后答案期末试卷|复习提纲theproject.Forexample,theSystemsDevelopmentLifeCycle(SDLC)couldfollowthewaterfallmodelspiralmodelincrementalreleasemodel,prototypingmodel,orRADmodel.UsingthegeneralphasesoftheSDLC(informationsystemsplanning,analysis,design,implementation,andsupport)therecouldbeaprojecttodevelopastrategicinformationsystemsplan;anotherprojecttocompleteasystemsanalysisforanewsystem;anotherprojecttocreateadetaileddatabasedesign;anothertoinstallnewhardwareorsoftware,andanothertoprovidenewusertraining7.Whatmakesinformationtechnologyprojectsdifferentfromothertypesofprojects?Howshouldprojectmanagersadjusttothesedifferences?itprojectsaredifferentfromothertypesofprojectsbecausetheycanbeverydiverseintermsofsizeandcomplexity,theyoftenincludeleammemberswithverydiversebackgroundsandskills,andhetechnologiesinvolvedarealsoverydiverse.ProjectmanagersshouldadjusttothesedifferencesbypayingcarefulattentiontothegoalsoftheprojectandtheneedsofvariousstakeholdersDefineglobalization,outsourcing,andvirtualteamsanddescribehowthesetrendsarechangingITprojectmanagementGlobalizationhascreateda"flat"worldwhereeveryoneisconnectedandthe"playingfield"islevelformanyingiswhedsand/orsoVirtualteamsoccurwhenagroupofindividualswhoworkacrosstimeandspaceusingcommunicationtechnologies.Eachofthesetrendshasaffectedthewayinwhichprojectworkisdoneandhowprojectsneedtobemanaged.ItisveryrareforaprojectteamtositinthesameworkareaandworkatthesametimeManagementandcoordinationismuchmorecomplicatedEXERCISESAnswerstoalloftheseexerciseswillvaryInformationTechnologyProjectManagement,SixthEdition学霸助手[xuebazhushou.com-课后答案期末试卷|复习提纲chaPTER3TheProjectManagementProcessGroups:ACaseStudyDISCUSSIONQUESTIONS1.Brieflydescribewhathappensineachofthefiveprojectmanagementprocessgroups(initiatingplanningexecuting,monitoringandcontrolling,andclosing).Whattypesofactivitiesaredonebeforeinitiatingproject?Descriptionsofwhathappensineachofthefiveprocessgroupsarelistedbelow:Initiatingincludesactionstocommittobeginorendprojectsandprojeclphases.Somedeliverablesincludedefiningthebusinessneedfortheproject,gettingaprojectsponsor,andselectingaprojectPlanningincludescreatingworkableplansfortheentireproject.EveryknowledgearearequiresdevelopmentofsomeplansExecutinginvolvescoordinatingeveryoneandeverythingtocarryouttheprojectplans.DeliverablesincludetheproductsoftheprojectorphaseMonitoringandcontrollingensurestheprojectobjectivesaremet.DeliverablesincludemonitoringandmeasuringprogressandtakingcorrectiveactionClosinginvolvesbringingtheprojecttoanorderlyend.deliverablesincludeorganizationalprocessassetsupdatesandclosedprocurementsBeforeinitiatingaproject,organizationsoftendeterminehigh-levelscope,time,andcostconstraintsforaproject,identifytheprojectsponsor,selecttheprojectmanager,anddevelopabusinesscasefortheproject,tonameafewApproximatelyhowmuchtimedogoodprojectmanagersspendoneachprocessgroupandwhyAndyCrowe'sresearchfoundthatalphaprojectmanagersspendabout2%oftheirtimeinitialing,21%planning,69%executing,5%monitoringandcontrolling,and3%closingprojects.Themosttimeshouldbespentonexecuting,followedbyplanning3.Whydoorganizationsneedtotailorprojectmanagementconcepts,suchasthosefoundinthePMBOK(RGuidetocreatetheirownmethodologies?Organizationshavedifferentwaysofdoingthings,sotheyoftendeveloptheirownmethodologies4.WhataresomeofthekeyoutputsofeachprocessgroupSeethetablesforeachprocessgroup.Examplesmightincludeacharter,aprojectmanagementplan,deliverables,performancereports,andclosedprocurements5.Whataresomeofthetypicalchallengesprojectteamsfaceduringeachofthefiveprocessgroups?Answerswillvary.Suggestionsmightincludesettingprioritiesduringinitiating,gettingstakeholderinputsduringplanning,meetingscheduledeadlinesduringexecution,collectingtimelydataduringmonitoringandcontrolling,anddefininggoodproceduresduringprojectclosingEXERCIESAnswerstoalloftheseexerciseswillvaryInformationTechnologyProjectManagement,SixthEdition学霸助手[xuebazhushou.com-课后答案期末试卷|复习提纲ChAPTER4ProjectIntegrationmanagementDISCUSSIONQUESTIONS1.Describeprojectintegrationmanagementinyourownwords.Howdoesprojectintegrationmanagementrelatetotheprojectlifecycle,stakeholders,andtheotherprojectmanagementknowledgeareas?Projectintegrationmanagementmeanstyingtogetheralloftheotheraspectsinvolvedinaprojecttomakeitasuccess.Integrationmanagementrelatestotheprojectlifecycleinthatitisdoneinalloftheprojectlifecyclephases.Astheprojectprogresses,integrationmanagementbecomesmorefocused.Integrationmanagementrelatestostakeholdersbecauseitrequirestheprojectmanagertoknowalloftheprojectstakeholders,toknowtheirinterestsandconcernsabouttheproject,andtomanagerelationshipswiththemIntegrationmanagementpullstogetherinformationfromalloftheotherknowledgeareas2.Brieflydescribethestrategicplanningprocess,includingaSWOTanalysis.Whichprojectselectionmethod(s)doyouthinkorganizationsusemostoftenforjustifyinginformationtechnologyprojectsASWOTanalysisinvolvesidentifyingandevaluatinganorganizationsstrengths,weaknesses,opportunitiesandthreats.Aferidentifyingstrategicgoals,thenextstepintheplanningprocessforselectinginformaLiontechnologyprojectsistoperformabusinessareaanalysis.Thisanalysisoutlinesbusinessprocessesthatarecentraltoachievingstrategicgoalsandhelpsdeterminewhichonescouldmostbenefitfrominformationtechnology.Then,thenextstepistostartdefiningpotentialinformationtechnologyprojects,theirscorbenefits,andconstraints.Thelaststepintheplanningprocessforselectinginformationtechnologyprojectsischoosingwhichprojectstodoandassigningresourcesforworkingonthem.Answerswillvaryonthesecondpartofthequestion.Alloftheprojectsectionmethodsareused3.SummarizekeyworkinvolvedineachofthesixprocessesforprojectintegrationmanagementProjectintegrationmanagementincludesthefollowingprocessesDevelopingtheprojectcharterinvolvesworkingwithstakeholderstocreatethedocumentthatformallyauthorizesaproject.Projectcharterscanhavedifferentformats,buttheyshouldincludebasicprojectinformationandsignaturesofkeystakeholders.Developingtheprojectmanagementplaninvolvescoordinatingallplanningeffortstocreateaconsistentcoherentdocument--theprojectmanagementplan.ThemainpurposeofprojectplansistofacilitateactionDirectingandmanagingprojectexecutioninvolvescarryingouttheprojectplansbyperformingtheactivitiesincludedinitProjectplanexecutionshouldrequirethemajorityofaprojectsbudget.Monitoringandcontrollingprojectworkisneededtomeettheperformanceobjectivesoftheproject.TheprojectteamshouldcontinuouslymonitorprojectperformancetoassesstheoverallhealthoftheprojectPerformingintegratedchangecontrolinvolvescoordinatingchangesthataffecttheprojectsdeliverablesandorganizationalprocessassets.changecontrolsystemoftenincludesachangecontrolboard(CCB)configurationmanagement,andaprocessforcommunicatingchangesClosingtheprojectorphaseinvolvesfinalizingallprojectorphaseactivities.Itisimportanttofollowgoodprocedurestoensurethatallprojectactivitiesarecompletedandthattheprojectsponsoracceptsdeliveryofthefinalproducts,services,orresultsoftheproject.4.FitherfromyourownexperienceorbysearchingtheInternet,describeawell-plannedandexecutedproject.Describeadisastrousproject.Whatweresomeofthemaindifferencesbetweentheseprojects?Answerswillvary.Severalexamplesareprovidedinthetext,especiallyintheWhatWentrightandWrongsections5.Discusstheimportanceoffollowingawell-integratedchangecontrolprocessoninformationtechnologyprojects.Whatdoyouthinkofthesuggestionsmadeinthischapter?ThinkofthreeadditionalsuggestionsforintegratedchangecontroloninformationtechnologyprojectsInformationTechnologyProjectManagement,SixthEdition学霸助手[xuebazhushou.com-课后答案期末试卷|复习提纲Answerswillvary.Oneanswermightbethatitisimportanttofollowagoodintegratedchangecontrolprocessoninformationtechnologyprojectstoavoidscopecreepincompatibilityproblems,andtomakeeffectiveuseofresourcesandnewtechnologies.Additionalsuggestionsformanagingintegratedchangeontrolmightincludelocatingkeyprojectstakeholders,assigninguserstoprojectteams,andprovidingteam-basedincentivesforeffectivelymanagingprojectchangesEXERCIES1.Writeaone-totwo-pagepaperbasedontheopeningcase.Answerthefollowingquestionsa.WhatdoyouthinktherealproblemwasinthiscasebDoesthecasepresentarealisticscenario?whyorwhynot?C.WasNickCarsonagoodprojectmanager?Whyorwhynot?d.whatcouldNickhavedonetobeabetterprojectmanager?e.Whatshouldtopmanagementhavedonetohelpnick?SOLUTION:AnswerswillvaryMakesurestudentsjustifytheirresponses.Forexample,theycouldsaythatnickwasagoodprojectmanagerbecausehegotthejobdone.Theycouldsayhewasnotagoodprojectmanagerbecausehewastootechnicalanddidnotgetalongwellwithseniormanagement.(NoteNickistheauthor,syoungerbrother,andeverythingexceptthelastlineofthecaseistotallytrue2.DownloadafreetrialofmindmappingsoftwareandcreateamindmapofaSWOTanalysisforyourorganizationoryourpersonallife.Includeatleasttwostrengths,weaknesses,opportunities,andthreatsandideasforatleastthreepotentialprojectsAnswerswillvary3.Usespreadsheetsoftwaretocreatefigures4-4through4-7inthistext.MakesureyourformulasworkcorrectlySeethefilesprovided4.PerformafinancialanalysisforaprojectusingtheformatprovidedinFigure4-5.Assumetheprojectedcostsandbenefitsforthisprojectarespreadoverfouryearsasfollows:Estimatedcostsare$200,000inyearIand$30,000eachyearinyears2,3,and4.EstimatedbenefitsareSOinyearIand$100,000eachyearinyears2,3,and4.Usea9percentdiscountrateandroundthediscountfactorstotwodecimalplaces.Createaspreadsheet(orusethebusinesscasefinancialstemplateprovidedonthecompanionWebsite)localculateandclearlydisplaythenpv,rol,andyearinwhichpaybackoccurs.Inaddition,writeaparagraphexplainingwhetheryouwouldrecommendinvestinginthisproject,basedonyourfinancialDiscountrat9.00%AssumetheprojectiscompletedinYearo023TotalCosts200,00030,00030.00030000Discountfactor1.000.920.840.77Discountedcosts200,00027,60025,20023,100275,900Benefits0100,000100,000100,000Discountfactor0.920.840.77Discountedbenefits092,00084,00077,000253,000Discountedbenefits-costs200.000644005880053900(22900)NPVCumulativebenefits-costs(20,00(135600)(76,800)(22,900)rolTheNPvandroiarebothnegative,andpaybackdoesnotoccur.Basedonthefinancials,thisprojectisnotagoodinvestment.5.CreateaweightedscoringmodeltodeterminegradesforacourseFinalgradesarebasedonthreeexamsworth20%0,15%,and25%o,respectively,homeworkisworth15%;andagroupprojectisworth25%Enterscoresforthreestudents.AssumeStudent1earns100%(or100)oneveryitem.AssumeStudent2earns70%ooneachoftheexams,80oonthehomework,and95%onthegroupproject.AssumeStudent3earns90%onExam1,80%onExam2,75%onExam3,80%onthehomework,and70%oonthegroupInformationTechnologyProjectManagement,SixthEdition学霸助手[xuebazhushou.com-课后答案期末试卷|复习提纲

TheMATLAB®progra妹妹ingenvironmentisoftenperceivedasaplatformsuitableforprototypingandmodelingbutnotforactualreal-lifeapplications.OneofthereasonsthatIconstantlyhearwhenconsultingwithclientsisthat“MATLABisslow”.ThisbookaimstohelpreducethisperceptionandshowsthatMATLABprogramscaninfactbemadetorunextremelyfast,inawidevarietyofdifferentways.MathWorks,whodevelopMATLAB,investsasignificantamountofR&DeffortinconstantlyimprovingMATLAB’sperformanceandadvocatingbestpracticesforimprovedperformance.1Postingsforperformance-relatedR&Djobsareperiodicallyposted2andtheengine’sperformanceimproveswithalmosteverysemi-annualMATLABrelease.Infact,thesameMATLABprogramsthatmighthavebeenslow10ormoreyearsagomaynowbeblazinglyfastwhenrunusingthelatestMATLABrelease,ontheverysameplatform.Usingprogra妹妹ingtechniquespresentedinthisbook,MATLABapplicationscanbemadeevenfaster,fastenoughformostuses.Thisenablessignificantreductionofthedevelopmenttimeandcost,sincewecanuseMATLABfromendtoend,fromprototypingtodeployment,withouthavingtomaintainamirrorcode–baseusingadifferentprogra妹妹inglanguageandenvironment.

Eachchapterofthehandbookislargelyself-containedandcanbereadinisolation,providedthereaderisgenerallyfamiliarwiththearea.Crossreferencesamongthechapterscapturetheimportantinterrelationshipsintheinformationpresentedintheindividualchapters.Chapter1alsoincludesabroadoverviewofdigitalcolorimagingsystemswithreferencesto,andconnectionsbetween,thematerialintheotherchapters,whichmaynotbedirectlyapparent.Thisisintendedtofacilitatetheunderstandingofdigitalcolorimagingfromasystemsperspective,whichisbecomingincreasinglyimportantintoday’sopen,interconnectedworld.Additionalmaterialrelatedtothebookwillbemadeavailableonthepublisher’swebsitewww.crcpress.com.Inparticular,duetoconcernsofincreasedcostandthelimitationsofcoloraccuracyintheprintingprocess,anumberofimagesthatwereoriginallyincolorhavebeenincludedonlyasblack-and-whitefiguresinthebook;full-colorelectronicversionsofthesefiguresareavailableonline.

Eachchapterofthehandbookislargelyself-containedandcanbereadinisolation,providedthereaderisgenerallyfamiliarwiththearea.Crossreferencesamongthechapterscapturetheimportantinterrelationshipsintheinformationpresentedintheindividualchapters.Chapter1alsoincludesabroadoverviewofdigitalcolorimagingsystemswithreferencesto,andconnectionsbetween,thematerialintheotherchapters,whichmaynotbedirectlyapparent.Thisisintendedtofacilitatetheunderstandingofdigitalcolorimagingfromasystemsperspective,whichisbecomingincreasinglyimportantintoday’sopen,interconnectedworld.Additionalmaterialrelatedtothebookwillbemadeavailableonthepublisher’swebsitewww.crcpress.com.Inparticular,duetoconcernsofincreasedcostandthelimitationsofcoloraccuracyintheprintingprocess,anumberofimagesthatwereoriginallyincolorhavebeenincludedonlyasblack-and-whitefiguresinthebook;full-colorelectronicversionsofthesefiguresareavailableonline.

FDTD软件英文使用阐明InitialPropertiesdialogbox...................................................................................33MaskExport.............................................................................................................41ProfileDesigner.......................................................................................................42WaferProperties.....................................................................................................42ProfilesInUse.........................................................................................................44Properties................................................................................................................45Toolbars...................................................................................................................45Statusbar.................................................................................................................45ColorSpectrum.......................................................................................................46WorkbookMode......................................................................................................493DGraphItems........................................................................................................50Showsliceselector.................................................................................................54RefractiveIndex(X,Y,andZdirections)..............................................................54Zoomtool.................................................................................................................54EditParameters.......................................................................................................562DSimulationParameters......................................................................................623DSimulationParameters......................................................................................663DSimulationParametersfor64-bitsimulator....................................................682DBandSolverParameters...................................................................................73PWEBandSolver....................................................................................................78TestScript................................................................................................................86RunScript(2Dor3D)..............................................................................................86GenerateTemplateScript.......................................................................................86GenerateLayoutScript...........................................................................................86GenerateScanningScript......................................................................................86Preferencesmenu...................................................................................................87EditMenu.................................................................................................................893DObjects......................................................................................................93Commonelementsof3Dobjectwaveguides.......................................................94ClippingPlanes.....................................................................................................103ProfileDesigner...........................................................................................107MainpartsoftheGUI............................................................................................108Mainmenubar.......................................................................................................112Toolbars.................................................................................................................112LibraryBrowsertoolbar.......................................................................................113Profiletoolbar........................................................................................................114TableofContentsInstallingOptiFDTD.........................................................................................1Hardwareandsoftwarerequirements.....................................................................1Protectionkey...........................................................................................................2Installation.................................................................................................................2Technicalsupport.....................................................................................................3Overview...........................................................................................................5WhatisOptiFDTD?...................................................................................................5OptiFDTDapplicationsandhowtheyrelatetooneanother.................................6OptiFDTD_Designer..................................................................................................6Mainelementsofalayoutdesign............................................................................8What’snewinOptiFDTD8.0.........................................................................1164-bit2DSimulator.................................................................................................11HeatingAbsorption.................................................................................................13TotalFieldScatteringField2Dsimulationsandanalysis...................................13OptiFDTD_Designer.......................................................................................17MainpartsoftheGUI..............................................................................................18Mainmenubar.........................................................................................................22Toolbars...................................................................................................................22OptiFDTD_Designermenusandbuttons.....................................................23Filemenu.................................................................................................................23Editmenu.................................................................................................................24Viewmenu...............................................................................................................25Toolsmenu..............................................................................................................27Drawmenu...............................................................................................................27Simulationmenu.....................................................................................................31Preferencesmenu...................................................................................................31Windowmenu..........................................................................................................32Helpmenu................................................................................................................32OptiFDTD_Designerfunctions......................................................................33OptiBPMSpecificMaterials........................................................................169MaterialClass........................................................................................................169Createandeditmaterials.....................................................................................169Dielectricmaterial(Ordinary)...............................................................................170Diffusedmaterial...................................................................................................173OptiFDTDSpecificMaterials.......................................................................177MaterialClass........................................................................................................177Createandeditmaterials.....................................................................................177Dielectric................................................................................................................178Dispersion..............................................................................................................183Convertingthe‘Sellmeierequation’to‘LorentzModel’....................................184Nonlinear................................................................................................................192PerfectConductor.................................................................................................1962DBandSolver............................................................................................1992DBandSolverParameters.................................................................................199Filemenu...............................................................................................................201Simulationmenu...................................................................................................201Viewmenu.............................................................................................................201Helpmenu..............................................................................................................202Waveguides..................................................................................................205Waveguideproperties...........................................................................................205Waveguideprofiles...............................................................................................205Wafer......................................................................................................................208Waveguidevs.wafer.............................................................................................209Initialdata..............................................................................................................211LocalCoordinateSystem.....................................................................................211UserInterfaceofaParameterizedpositionofaLayoutShape........................212Waveguides...........................................................................................................214Linear.....................................................................................................................216Arc..........................................................................................................................222Elliptic....................................................................................................................228Ring........................................................................................................................233S-BendSines.........................................................................................................239S-BendArc.............................................................................................................239S-BendSine...........................................................................................................244S-BendCosine.......................................................................................................250LinearTaper...........................................................................................................256ParabolicTaper.....................................................................................................262ExponentialTaper.................................................................................................267S-BendArcTaper..................................................................................................273S-BendSineTaper................................................................................................278S-BendCosineTaper............................................................................................285CircularLens.........................................................................................................291EllipticLens...........................................................................................................296ParabolicLens.......................................................................................................303HyperbolicLens....................................................................................................309Polynomial.............................................................................................................315PhotonicBandGap(PBG)CrystalStructure.....................................................321Basic3DLinearTaperingandProportionalInterpretationofFiberProfile.....330InputField.....................................................................................................339InputFieldvs.InputPlane....................................................................................339Insertaninputplane.............................................................................................340InputFielddialogbox...........................................................................................343Mode—GlobalData:ADIMethod.........................................................................359ModeSolver2D.....................................................................................................379ModeSolver2D—menus......................................................................................380ModeSolver2D—tabs..........................................................................................396TFSFRegionProperties.......................................................................................4013DModeSolver............................................................................................407MainpartsoftheGUI............................................................................................410Mainmenubar.......................................................................................................414Toolbars.................................................................................................................4143DModeSolvermenusandbuttons..........................................................417Filemenu...............................................................................................................417Viewmenu.............................................................................................................417Simulationmenu...................................................................................................419Datamenu..............................................................................................................419Preferencesmenu.................................................................................................420Helpmenu..............................................................................................................4203DModeSolverfunctions...........................................................................421ProfileDesignermenus...............................................................................117Filemenu...............................................................................................................117Viewmenu.............................................................................................................117Toolsmenu............................................................................................................117Helpmenu..............................................................................................................117ProfileDesignercontextmenu............................................................................118ProfileDesignerfunctions..........................................................................119LibraryBrowser.....................................................................................................119CompareLibraries................................................................................................119EditVariablesandFunctions...............................................................................122Mode—GlobalData:ADIMethod.........................................................................123ModeSettings........................................................................................................124Options...................................................................................................................125Profiles..........................................................................................................127Fiber.......................................................................................................................127Channel..................................................................................................................131OptiBPMSpecificDiffusedMaterials.........................................................137CustomDiffusionProcessesandArbitraryIndexProfiles...............................137DiffusionProcessLibrary....................................................................................137Ti:LiNb03profile-Titaniumdiffusioninlithiumniobate...................................138Ti:LiNbO3Protoolbar...........................................................................................139Mg:LiNb03profile-Magnesiumdiffusioninlithiumniobate............................143Mg:LiNb03Protoolbar..........................................................................................144ProtonExchangeprofile-H+:LiNb03..................................................................148ProtonExchangetoolbar.....................................................................................149AnnealingProcess................................................................................................151OptiBPMSpecificUserFunctionProfile....................................................153OptiBPMSpecificUserDLLProfile............................................................159Centerpoint...........................................................................................................162Materials.......................................................................................................167ModeFound...........................................................................................................421StatusBar..............................................................................................................4223DGraphItems......................................................................................................422Showsliceselector...............................................................................................426Customize..............................................................................................................426Datamenu..............................................................................................................4293DGraphSettings.................................................................................................432LayoutOptions......................................................................................................441ObservationPoints,Areas,andLines.......................................................445ObservationPoint.................................................................................................445ObservationArea..................................................................................................445ObservationLine...................................................................................................446Simulationtoolbar.................................................................................................446ObservationPoints......................................................................................447Observationproperties—Pointdialogbox.........................................................448ObservationArea.........................................................................................451Observationproperties--X-ZAreadialogbox..................................................452Observationproperties--Y-ZAreadialogbox..................................................455Observationproperties--X-YAreadialogbox..................................................457ObservationAreaAnalysisdialogbox...............................................................459ObservationLine..........................................................................................474Observationproperties--VerticalLinedialogbox............................................475OptiFDTD_Simulator(2D)............................................................................479MainpartsoftheGUI............................................................................................480Mainmenubar.......................................................................................................483Toolbars.................................................................................................................483OptiFDTD_Simulator(2D)menusandbuttons.........................................485Filemenu...............................................................................................................485Viewmenu.............................................................................................................485Simulationmenu...................................................................................................487Preferencesmenu.................................................................................................489Export.....................................................................................................................5973DGraphItems......................................................................................................598Simulationmenu...................................................................................................598Componentsmenu................................................................................................601Preferencesmenu.................................................................................................601OptiFDTDTools............................................................................................605OverlapIntegral............................................................................................607GaussianOverlapScanner.........................................................................615OverlapIntegralScanner............................................................................619MultipleFields..............................................................................................623Notes......................................................................................................................628MultipleGaussians......................................................................................629Notes......................................................................................................................632ConfinementFactor.....................................................................................633Notes......................................................................................................................638FarField........................................................................................................639Fraunhoferapproximation...................................................................................639Fresnel-KirchhoffDiffractionFormula................................................................6402DFarField............................................................................................................6413DFarField............................................................................................................643References.............................................................................................................645Mode2D........................................................................................................647ModesofPlanarWaveguides..............................................................................649Filemenu...............................................................................................................650Editmenu...............................................................................................................650Viewmenu.............................................................................................................651Simulationmenu...................................................................................................651Windowmenu........................................................................................................651Helpmenu..............................................................................................................489SimulationParameters.........................................................................................490BoundaryConditions............................................................................................491ObservationPoint.................................................................................................492Finalization............................................................................................................494OptiFDTD_Simulator(2D)functions..........................................................495Viewlist..................................................................................................................495Statusbar...............................................................................................................4963DGraphsettings.................................................................................................501OptiFDTD_Simulator(3D)............................................................................513MainpartsoftheGUI............................................................................................514Mainmenubar.......................................................................................................517Toolbars.................................................................................................................517OptiFDTD_Simulator(3D)menusandbuttons.........................................519Filemenu...............................................................................................................519Viewmenu.............................................................................................................519Simulationmenu...................................................................................................522Preferencesmenu.................................................................................................523Helpmenu..............................................................................................................523SimulationParameters.........................................................................................524BoundaryConditions............................................................................................525Finalization............................................................................................................527OptiFDTD_Simulator(3D)functions..........................................................529Viewlist..................................................................................................................529Statusbar...............................................................................................................5303DGraphsettings.................................................................................................535PWEBandSolver.........................................................................................545OptiFDTD_Analyzer(2DSimulations)........................................................553MainpartsoftheGUI............................................................................................554Components..........................................................................................................556Mainmenubar.......................................................................................................559Toolbars.................................................................................................................559OptiFDTD_Analyzermenusandbuttons(2DSimulations)......................561Filemenu...............................................................................................................561Viewmenu.............................................................................................................562Componentsmenu................................................................................................563Simulationmenu...................................................................................................564Preferencesmenu.................................................................................................564Toolsmenu............................................................................................................564Windowmenu........................................................................................................565Helpmenu..............................................................................................................565OptiFDTD_Analyzerfunctions(2DSimulations).......................................567Export.....................................................................................................................5673DGraphItems......................................................................................................568Componentsmenu................................................................................................568Simulationmenu...................................................................................................568Preferencesmenu.................................................................................................571Toolsmenu............................................................................................................571OptiFDTD_Analyzer(3DSimulations)........................................................575MainpartsoftheGUI............................................................................................576Mainmenubar.......................................................................................................580Toolbars.................................................................................................................580OptiFDTD_Analyzermenusandbuttons(3Dsimulations)......................581Filemenu...............................................................................................................581Viewmenu.............................................................................................................582Componentsmenu................................................................................................583Simulationmenu...................................................................................................584Preferencesmenu.................................................................................................584Toolsmenu............................................................................................................584Windowmenu........................................................................................................585Helpmenu..............................................................................................................585OptiFDTD_Analyzerfunctions(3Dsimulations).......................................587AnalysisTools.......................................................................................................587CodeVConverter.........................................................................................727Dataformat............................................................................................................729EXFOOWAConverter.................................................................................731ZemaxConverter..........................................................................................739Conversion............................................................................................................739NotesonConversion............................................................................................740Dataformats..........................................................................................................741ZEMAXBeamFile(ZBF)binaryformat...............................................................741AppendixA:Opti2DGraphControl............................................................743Userinterfacefeatures.........................................................................................744GraphPropertiesdialog.......................................................................................754AppendixB:Fileformats............................................................................763Datafileformats....................................................................................................763AppendixC:Parsersupportedfunctions..................................................773Supportedfunctions.............................................................................................773FunctionLimitsand_FnRslt_..............................................................................778AppendixD:Batchprocessing...................................................................781AutomaticloadingofVBScriptfromcommandline.........................................785Simulationfunctions.............................................................................................652CorrelationFunctionMethod(CFM)....................................................................660Filemenu...............................................................................................................661Editmenu...............................................................................................................661Viewmenu.............................................................................................................662Simulationmenu...................................................................................................662Windowmenu........................................................................................................662Simulationfunctions.............................................................................................663UserDefinedFile...................................................................................................672Filemenu...............................................................................................................673Editmenu...............................................................................................................674Viewmenu.............................................................................................................674Simulationmenu...................................................................................................674Windowmenu........................................................................................................674Notes:.....................................................................................................................676Mode3D........................................................................................................677Filemenu...............................................................................................................677Editmenu...............................................................................................................678Viewmenu.............................................................................................................678Operationsmenu...................................................................................................680Simulationmenu...................................................................................................680DrawToolmenu....................................................................................................681Preferencesmenu.................................................................................................681LayoutDesignerDialogboxesofModeSolver3D............................................683LayoutSettingslayoutdialogbox.......................................................................702WaveguideColorslayoutdialogbox..................................................................703Notes:.....................................................................................................................704UserGuideofView3D.................................................................................705CommandsofView3D.........................................................................................705Viewmenu.............................................................................................................707Toolbarsmenu......................................................................................................707StatusBarmenu....................................................................................................708Settingsmenu.......................................................................................................711DialogboxesofView3D.......................................................................................713Notes:.....................................................................................................................726

在日常工作中，钉钉打卡成了我生活中不可或缺的一部分。然而，有时候这个看似简单的任务却给我带来了不少烦恼。 每天早晚，我总是得牢记打开钉钉应用，点击"工作台"，再找到"考勤打卡"进行签到。有时候因为工作忙碌，会忘记打卡，导致考勤异常，影响当月的工作评价。而且，由于我使用的是苹果手机，有时候系统更新后，钉钉的某些功能会出现异常，使得打卡变得更加麻烦。 另外，我的家人使用的是安卓手机，他们也经常抱怨钉钉打卡的繁琐。尤其是对于那些不太熟悉手机操作的长辈来说，每次打卡都是一次挑战。他们总是担心自己会操作失误，导致打卡失败。 为了解决这些烦恼，我开始思考是否可以通过编写一个全自动化脚本来实现钉钉打卡。经过一段时间的摸索和学习，我终于成功编写出了一个适用于苹果和安卓系统的钉钉打卡脚本。